Wishful perceiving: A value-based bias for perception of close others
Wishful perceiving: A value-based bias for perception of close others
StatusPost-Print
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Authors
Ginosar Yaari, Shir
Katsoty, Dana
Bardi, Anat
Barni, Daniela
Skimina, Ewa
Cieciuch, Jan
Lönnqvist, Jan Erik
Verkasalo, Markuu J.
Knafo-Noam, Ariel
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Date
2025-01
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Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Issue
2
Volume
128
Pages
Pages
335-366
ISSN
0022-3514
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Access date
2024-12-30
Abstract PL
Abstract EN
Why do people not perceive their close others accurately, although they have ample information about them? We propose that one reason for such errors may be bias based on personal values. Personal values may serve as schemas defining what people see as positive, and thus affect perceptions of others' behavior, values, and traits. We propose that, in close relationships, people see others as sharing their own values. Six studies (N = 2,225; 4 pre-registered analyses and one pre-registered study) tested this bias. Perceivers reported their personal values and the perceived values, behaviors, or traits of a close other (target), while the target also reported on the same values, behaviors or traits. Personal values significantly and positively related to perception of close others' values and behaviors, while controlling for the real targets' value/behavior. Results were replicated for spouses, romantic partners, children, parents, and friends. Some evidence also supportsthe idea that the bias is stronger for relationships of better quality. Implications for relationship quality are discussed, as well as implications for the adaptive properties of this bias.
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Keywords PL
Keywords EN
Values
Close Relationships
Perception
Bias
Relationship Quality
Close Relationships
Perception
Bias
Relationship Quality
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