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- 2026-06-11
Are Insight Measures Insightful? A Comparison of Different Verbal Tasks Using Self-Reports of Aha! Experience Phenomenology
Measuring insight is a central challenge in the problem-solving field. Recent studies show that classic insight tasks can be solved through either insightful thinking or analytical thinking. The present work examined relationships between cognitive reasoning tasks and insight tasks. Additionally, we explored differences in insight phenomenology when solving insight puzzles and when completing the Cognitive Reflection Test. We conducted two independent studies. Study 1 was a conceptual replication of previously observed relationships between insight puzzles, the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT), and the Verbal Cognitive Reflection Test (VCRT). Study 2 examined differences between analytical and insightful tasks using self-report insight scales. Five dimensions of insight were measured: suddenness, confidence, pleasure, the Aha! experience, and arousal. Across both studies, insight-puzzle performance correlated positively with reflective tests (CRT and VCRT), consistent with prior findings. In Study 2, Aha! ratings did not differ between insight puzzles and CRT. Unexpectedly, Aha! experience was stronger for VCRT than for insight puzzles. Trial-level analyses that incorporated response accuracy further indicated that Aha! ratings in VCRT and CRT did not reliably differentiate correct from incorrect responses, whereas accuracy effects emerged in other task comparisons. Overall, the dissociation between performance overlap and phenomenology suggests that subjective insight is not uniquely tied to tasks traditionally classified as insight problems and that Aha! experience alone should not be treated as a direct marker of restructuring. - 2026-06-10
Adaptation and validation of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) in Polish
Introduction: The aim of this study was to adapt the full 45-item, seven-subscale Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) into Polish and evaluate its psychometric properties, including cross-language measurement invariance in Polish–English bilinguals. Methods: Two independent online samples were pooled (N = 275), with participants completing the IMI in both Polish and English. Reliability (α, ω), cross-language correlations, and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA; WLSMV/THETA) were conducted, while language invariance was tested using a CT-C(M–1) framework comparing marker-configural and strict metric models. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed through associations with external constructs related to motivation, control, curiosity, and stress appraisal. Results: CFA supported the expected seven-factor structure in both languages with good model fit, and language invariance analysis indicated minimal configural–metric differences, suggesting approximate measurement invariance. The Polish IMI demonstrated strong internal consistency across all subscales, closely matching the English version, while cross-language correlations confirmed strong subscale-level equivalence, though a small number of items showed weaker psychometric properties. Subscale intercorrelations followed theoretical expectations, supporting construct validity, with subscales reflecting engagement, autonomy, and competence aligning most strongly with positive motivational constructs. Overall, the Polish IMI is suitable for research in Polish, with all materials, data, and analysis code openly available. - 2026-05-26
An Evaluation of the Empirical Studies on the Significance of the Original Audi Manufacturer’s Trademark in Shaping the Perception of Automotive Spare Parts Among Audi Car Owners and Professionals as Published in Tischner, A., Stasiuk, K.: ‘‘Spare Parts, Repairs, Trade Marks and Consumer Understanding’’
Tischner and Stasiuk (IIC 54:26–60 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1007/s40319-022-01274-8) concluded that the Audi trademark does not influence the evaluation of independently manufactured automotive spare parts, arguing that both consumers and experts interpret such trademarks primarily as descriptive cues of intended use rather than as indicators of origin. The present paper revisits their empirical evidence and challenges this conclusion by reanalyzing the original raw dataset made publicly available in the OSF repository. We argue that the original authors’ conclusions stem from a methodological error – specifically, the aggregation of evaluations across participants who differed fundamentally in their perceptions of the part’s manufacturer. Using the original data, we reclassified both Audi owners and automotive experts according to the manufacturer they recalled after product exposure: Audi, the independent manufacturers named in the description, or other/unknown manufacturers. Separate analyses of variance were then conducted within these groups for four evaluation dimensions: perceived quality, material durability, appearance, and purchase intention. The reanalysis focused on the radiator grille stimulus, across four trademark presentation conditions. Contrary to Tischner and Stasiuk’s conclusions, the results consistently show that brand recall significantly shaped product evaluations. Both consumers and experts who mistakenly identified Audi as the manufacturer evaluated the spare parts more favorably than those who correctly identified independent manufacturers or expressed uncertainty. These effects were particularly pronounced when the Audi trademark was embedded in the product or visually integrated into its design, and in several conditions reached statistical significance. The high rate of manufacturer misidentification – despite explicit textual information – underscores the influential role of trademarks as associative signals affecting perceived quality and value. Overall, this reanalysis demonstrates that the Audi trademark did influence the evaluation of automotive spare parts. The original claim that trademarks have lost their origin-identifying and evaluative function is therefore unsupported and inconsistent with both the empirical evidence and the broader literature on branding and consumer perception. - 2026-01
Potencjał AI w zwiększaniu zaangażowania studentów i wiarygodności informacji zwrotnej w ewaluacji zajęć akademickich
The aim of this article is to develop and validate the AI-MEVAL Model, which integrates multi-stakeholder evaluation with the AI Feedback Loop, in order to enhance the reliability of feedback. Qualitative research confirms that the model shortens the PDCA cycle, provided that transparency and the Human-in-the-Loop principle are maintained. It constitutes a practical tool supporting organisational learning.
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- 2024-05-24
Psychologia społeczna. Wydanie drugie zaktualizowane
Nowa wersja podręcznika Psychologia społeczna ukazuje się w 14 lat po jego pierwszej edycji. Później było wiele wydań, bo podręcznik zyskał powszechne uznanie wykładowców i studentów. To wydanie jednak zasadniczo różni się od poprzednich. Współautorem został Tomasz Grzyb. W tomie przybyło wiele nowych fragmentów, niektóre kwestie zaktualizowano bądź opatrzono dodatkowymi komentarzami, odwołując się do świeżej literatury. Przede wszystkim zmienił się świat dookoła nas, pojawiły się nowe zjawiska, jak na przykład światowa pandemia COVID-19 i wraz z tym potrzeba odniesienia się do jej psychologicznych konsekwencji, a o wielu zjawiskach, którymi zajmuje się psychologia społeczna wiemy dziś więcej niż kilkanaście lat temu. Nie pozostało to bez wpływu na sam podręcznik – jego nowa, zmodyfikowana i przeredagowana treść lepiej oddaje charakter zmieniającej się, choć ciągle tak samo fascynującej dziedziny, jaką jest psychologia społeczna. Profesorowie Bogdan Wojciszke i Tomasz Grzyb, psychologowie o światowej renomie, napisali podręcznik do psychologii społecznej, jakiego jeszcze w Polsce nie było. Książka obejmuje wszystkie klasyczne zagadnienia składające się na tę dyscyplinę oraz zagadnienia relatywnie nowe, takie jak kwestie różnic płci, nowych mediów, społeczeństwa sieci, miłości i władzy. Napisana jasnym i barwnym językiem skupia się na prawidłowościach rządzących ludzką psychiką i postępowaniem. Pokazuje, w jak fascynujący sposób psychologia społeczna odpowiada na pytanie, kim jest człowiek i na czym polega jego społeczna natura. Wcześniejsze wydania tej książki stały się fundamentem dydaktyki akademickiej na kierunku psychologia. - 2025-08-11
What Puppygirls Know? The (in)Human Pedagogy of a Trans Feminine Style
‘Puppygirls’ is a name for a particular kinky trans feminine lesbian style, rooted in the long history of trans erotic productions, and currently thriving on social media platforms, such as Twitter (now X), Bluesky, or Discord. In this article, I provide an analysis of the style that is rooted in personal immersion in ‘puppygirl culture’. Using several examples of puppygirl media productions, I argue for the possibility of reading the puppygirl style as a critical practice: one that hints at ways of being trans that do rely on the ciscentric understanding of ‘the human’ as their point of reference. In doing so, I show how puppygirl style resonates with theoretical interventions in the field of trans studies offered by scholars such as Susan Stryker and Talia Mae Bettcher. - 2023
Wypalenie rodzicielskie: wprowadzenie do teorii i badań
The aim of the article is to present the concept of parental burnout, which has recently become a topic of interest for researchers. In the article, we review the theoretical concept of parental burnout, present the questionnaires to measure it as well as the research results indicating risk factors and consequences of parental burnout, and the first studies on the effectiveness of psychological interventions to reduce it. This article presents information in a concise, simple and understandable way, providing readers with a quick overview of the theory of parental burnout and the latest research on this phenomenon. - 2024-06
The Big Three Perfectionism Scale: Validation of the Polish Version
The Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS) was created to integrate different aspects of perfectionism, including the newly conceptualized concept of narcissistic perfectionism. The goal of our two studies (N = 1341) was to examine the psychometric properties of the Polish adaptation of the BTPS, supporting the validity and portability of the measure. The studies were conducted among people who had a child, thus contributing to a better understanding of parental perfectionism, one of the key factors influencing parental well-being and a child’s functioning. Our analyses included investigating the structure of the scale, intercorrelations between subscales, reliability, and convergent validity by correlating BTPS scores with other measures of perfectionism and correlates of psychopathology (borderline symptoms) and parental difficulties (parental stress and parental burnout). Results supported the structure of the original BTPS. As predicted, confirmatory factor analysis indicated that items comprising the Polish adaptation of the questionnaire, like the original version, measure three related but specific aspects of perfectionism: rigid perfectionism, self-critical perfectionism, and narcissistic perfectionism. The three dimensions were also found to be specifically related to the difficulties experienced by parents. Further, the Polish version of the BTPS was found to have good internal reliability and validity. Our results from two independent Polish samples suggest that the Polish version of the BTPS is a psychometrically robust measure of perfectionism for assessing the three perfectionism factors.
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