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- 2024
Subversive Triviality: John Ashbery’s and James Schuyler’s "A Nest of Ninnies"
In a recent study, Christopher Schmidt has analyzed an aspect of James Schuler’s poetry, which he calls “dark camp:” the reevaluation of “waste,” both in the sense of linguistic material which the poet incorporates into his work (phrases gleaned from advertising or the media), and the subject matter which he focuses on (“material detritus:” trashy, kitschy, unpoetic stuff). Schuyler’s “poetics of waste” is a camp strategy of affirming his queer identity. In this essay I argue that the 1968 novel which Schuyler coauthored with John Ashbery, A Nest of Ninnies, can be seen along very similar lines. Nest is commonly viewed as a satire or a comedy of manners. However, I take issue with this characterization and suggest that Nest should first and foremost be seen as classic literary camp, albeit not “dark,” but defiantly and jubilantly bright. I first discuss the early reaction of the novel’s reviewers, then point out the hidden queer themes in the story (which only W. H. Auden, it seems, discerned), and finally I apply Schmidt’s terms to Nest to show how it subversively challenges the bourgeois notion of seriousness in art and, connected to it, assumptions about gender and “normalcy.” The idea to write a novel together occurred to James Schuyler and John Ashbery when they were sitting in the back seat of a car taking them back to New York from East Hampton where they had spent the weekend at John Latouche’s. They did not know the people they were traveling with very well, and so the conversation was hard going. After a while, bored with the sights of the small towns they were passing through (or perhaps inspired by them), Schuyler proposed: “Why don’t we write a novel?” and when Ashbery asked how exactly he imagined doing this, his friend replied: “It’s easy – you write the first line.” Alluding to the opening sentence of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, Ashbery began with: “Alice was tired.”Footnote1 Schuyler took up the challenge and no doubt recognized the allusion, for in the novel’s first scene he placed Alice in front of a mirror: „Languid, fretful, she turned to stare into her own eyes in the mirror above the mantelpiece before she spoke.”Footnote2 Back in New York, the poets continued playing this literary dominoes in their spare time, adding alternately a sentence each. This lasted three years: from July 1952 until 1955 when Ashbery received a Fulbright scholarship and went to France where he was to spend the next ten years. Attempts to continue writing the novel in tandem via mail failed; the project was discontinued – for good, it seemed. However, when Ashbery returned to New York at the end of 1965, he was already a renowned poet (having received the Yale Younger Poets award for Some Trees) and cooperated with Holt & Co. whose editor, Arthur Cohen, expressed interest in Ashbery’s and Schuyler’s unfinished project. The two thus resumed work on the novel, although they slightly changed their method, adding whole paragraphs or parts of chapters, instead of individual sentences. The book was published in early 1968. - 2023-07-15
Economic self-interest or cultural threat? Migrant unemployment and class-based support for populist radical right parties in Europe
Labor market competition theory has traditionally analyzed the threat perceived by lower and middle class’ natives on competition over jobs with immigrants. However, in this article we focus on the fiscal burden and competition for social benefits generated by unemployed immigrants and its impact on the vote for Populist Radical Right Parties (PRRPs). Combining individual-level data and aggregate unemployment indicators for over 60 regions from 10 EU countries, we show that, on the one hand, upper class natives seem to support PRRPs when migrant unemployment rates are higher, irrespective of migrants’ origin, which is consistent with the fiscal burden model. On the other hand, lower and middle class natives are more likely to support PRRPs only in contexts of higher unemployment rates among non-EU migrants (but not among migrants from other EU member states), pointing towards an interaction between cultural and economic explanations. These findings underscore the need to account for migrant populations’ characteristics and to consider not only labor competition, but also the fiscal burden to better understand how unemployment may impact PRRP voting. - 2024-07-23
Conceptualizing and measuring support for democracy: a new approach
Much of what we know about public support for democracy is based on survey questions about “democracy,” a term that varies in meaning across countries and likely prompts uncritically supportive responses. This paper proposes a new approach to measuring support for democracy. We develop a battery of 17 survey questions that cover all eight components of liberal democracy as defined by the V-Dem project. We then ask respondents from 19 national samples to evaluate these rights and institutions. We find considerable heterogeneity across countries in how our items cohere, especially in less developed contexts. Yet, those items that are more weakly connected with general support for liberal democracy tend to reveal the influence of political events and actors, arguably indicating weaknesses in political cultures. We further identify a concise subset of seven items that provide a reliable and valid measure of support for liberal democracy across our different samples.
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- 2024-02
Mind the Like-Minded. The Role of Social Identity in Prosocial Crowdfunding
Current social challenges have increased the interest in globally spread collective actions, especially those taking place in virtual space. Crowdfunding is one form of online activism that has recently gained importance. Although research conducted so far indicates the significance of social motives among participants of crowdfunding campaigns, knowledge about the psychosocial mechanisms involved in its effectiveness is limited. This article attempts to reinforce the position of crowdfunding as one of the forms of collective action and to expand knowledge about possible psychosocial factors that could shape participation in crowdfunding campaigns. In three pre-registered studies (N = 823), we found that the social identity based on a shared worldview positively correlated with the intention to participate in prosocial crowdfunding. Moreover, the relationship between opinion-based group identity and collective action varied depending on participation type (predicted vs. experienced engagement in a campaign). In other words, when people gather in communities built around shared opinions on a given social issue, they develop a sense of community, which can translate into activities for the benefit of the group such as supporting crowdfunding campaigns. However, in the case of actual behaviour, unlike with the declaration of participation, the strength of the relationship with social identity significantly diminishes. The results are discussed in relation to the theory of collective action. - 2022-12-15
ethnoVR 2.0.: A first-person experience of cross-cultural misunderstanding in Virtual Reality
EthnoVR is an immersive first-person perspective experience of cross-cultural misunderstanding. The scenario, developed using the critical incidents method, covers a situation of cooperation between Chinese and Polish students. A quantitative investigation of the impact of 360 video (N=100) showed a reduction in ethnocentrism and an increase in cognitive empathy. In this paper we introduce the second iteration of ethnoVR - supplemented with extended content, available in English, Chinese and Polish. Additionally, we conducted qualitative UX research (N=31) which allowed us to map the emotions of users and the emotions they attributed to the characters in the movie. - 2023-10-02
National narcissism in politics and public understanding of science
People seek to belong to groups that they evaluate positively and identify with. A strong ingroup identity is typically thought to bring about positive outcomes for the individuals and for the group. However, when group identity is motivated by frustrated psychological needs, it can manifest as collective narcissism — a belief that one’s group is exceptional and deserves special treatment. Such a defensive ingroup identity is related to a motivated social cognition focused on the enhancement and protection of the ingroup image, even at the expense of ingroup members. In this Review, we consider the implications of differentiating collective narcissism from ingroup identification in the national context, and their different intragroup and intergroup manifestations. We focus on two domains: political attitudes and behaviours as well as the public understanding of science related to health and environmental protection. We outline how concerns for national image enhancement and protection can shape political and social manifestations of national narcissism, such as susceptibility to narratives that enhance the national image, sensitivity to disrespect and suspicion of outgroups, and acceptance of misinformation. Rural protest 2012-2022
The database contains occurrences of collective acts of rural protest. It contains a catalogue of all publicly registered rural collective protests events in 2012–2022—a universe. Definition Rural is defined as either 1. occurring within a rural area; or 2. involving rural actors (groups or organizations based in rural communities; or 3. pertaining to issues specific to the countryside, rural life, rural issues, agriculture or the natural environment. “Public” is understood to mean an action which is reported in at least one source. “Collective” is an action undertaken by at least three people. A collective public event is an act of protest if it is undertaken to articulate certain specified demands and is not a routine or legally prescribed behaviour of a social or political organization and whose form deviates from the routinely accepted way of voicing demands. Demands are “articulated” when the participants (whether organized or not) turn to institutions, organizations and enterprises, both public and private, and: express demands addressed at the public. A single protest event may include the activity of several separate groups or organizations. Unit of analysis The unit of analysis combines information derived from a series of articles from all the analysed publications dealing with one particular protest event or with a series of activities which can be defined as a single collective public protest event. Sources The methodology was used to collect information from sectoral (agricultural) and local sources. The sources of information are media which focus their reporting on rural affairs and the countryside. Their content was stored by and commissioned from a specialized company. Full list of queried outlets: aerisfuturo.pl; agri24.pl; agrobiznespark.pl; agrodziennik.pl; agrofakt.pl; agrofoto.pl; agroindustry.pl; agrolok.pl; agropasja.tv; agropolska.pl; agroprofil.pl; agrosukces.pl; agro-technika.pl; akademiarzepaku.pl; arimr.gov.pl; atrexpress.com.pl; bagna.pl; besthunters.pl; bezpluga.pl; biogardena.pl; biuroprasowe.pl; biznes-ogrodniczy.pl; braclowiecka.pl; bronisze.com.pl; carnivores.eu; cenyrolnicze.pl; chronmyklimat.pl; ciee-gda.pl; cire.pl; co valgarden.pl; darzbor24.pl; dinoanimals.pl; dlafarmera.pl; dlaflorystow.pl; dobre-traktory.pl; doplaty.pl; drwal. net.pl; dzienniklesny.pl; dziennikrolniczy.pl; dzikiezycie.pl; ecocafe.eu; ecocafe.pl; ecoekonomia.pl; econews.pl; ecoportal.com.pl; ecopress.pl; e-gospodarkaodpadami.pl; ekodostawcy.pl; ekoedu.com.pl; ekoexpo.pl; ekogroup.info; ekoinfo.pl; ekolas.mtp.pl; ekologia.pl; ekologiawpolsce.pl; ekologo.pl; eko-net.pl; ekonews.com. pl; ekooszczedni.pl; ekopolityka.pl; ekoportal.gov.pl; ekoquchnia.pl; eko-unia.org.pl; eko-uprawy.pl; elpiro.pl; energiapress.pl; e-odpady.com; e-warzywnictwo.pl; fajnyogrod.pl; fakt.pl; fanipogody.pl; floryscipolscy.pl; forest-monitor.com; forum-mleczarskie.org; fresh-market.pl; fundacjamare.pl; gartija.pl; gazeta.pl; gazetalesna. pl; gdos.gov.pl; gospodarz.tv; green-news.pl; greenpolska.com; green-projects.pl; gridw.pl; grupyogrodnicze.pl; ibles.pl; inspekty.pl; instytutoze.pl; i-rolnik.pl; izbamleka.pl; izbarolnicza.pl; kalendarzrolnikow.pl; kfpz.pl; kobietawsadzie.pl; kololesnikow.pl; kowr.gov.pl; krir.pl; laspolski.pl; lasy-prywatne.pl; losyziemi.pl; love lygarden.pl; lowiecpolski.pl; magazynbiomasa.pl; maszynydlafarmera.pl; miastonaplus.pl; min-pan.krakow.pl; moj-ogrodnik.pl; mojpieknyogrod.pl; motofarmer.pl; naszarola.pl; naszaziemia.pl; natgeokids.pl; natura2000. gdos.gov.pl; natura2000.org.pl; naukadlaprzyrody.pl; naukaoklimacie.pl; nawozy.eu; newslink.com.pl; nfosigw. gov.pl; nowoczesnafarma.pl; nowoczesnerolnictwo.info; nowydzialkowiec.pl; odpady.net.pl; ogrodwmiescie.pl; oikos.tv; okiemrolnika.pl; onoze.pl; opryskiwacze.info; otwarteklatki.pl; owk.pl; ozeon.com.pl; piorin.gov.pl; pir.home.pl; podoslonami.pl; polskawies24.pl; polskialarmsmogowy.pl; polskierolnictwo.pl; polskiesadownictwo.pl; poluje.pl; pomyslnaogrod.pl; poradnikogrodniczy.pl; portalhodowcy.pl; portalwysokichplonow.pl; ppr.pl; przedsiebiorcarolny.pl; przyrodnicze.org; puszcza.tv; pzlow.pl; raportrolny.com; recykling.pl; rolnictwo. com.pl; rolniczeabc.pl; rolnikinfo.pl; rolnikpolski.pl; rp.pl; sad24.pl; sadinfo.pl; sadnowoczesny.pl; sadownictwo. com.pl; sadyogrody.pl; salamandra.org.pl; sitlid.pl; smoglab.pl; sozosfera.pl; spalarnie-odpadow.pl; sprh.pl; srodowisko.pl; strefaagro.pl; swiatoze.pl; swiatrolnika.info; swietodrzewa.pl; targilesne.pl; teraz-srodowisko.pl; tpl.org.pl; traktory.info.pl; tvagro.pl; twojapogoda.pl; tygodnik-rolniczy.pl; tylkoprzyroda.pl; uprawypolowe.pl; warzywa.pl; warzywaiowoce.pl; warzywapolowe.pl; werandacountry.pl; wiescirolnicze.pl; wiz.pl; wlaczoszcze dzanie.pl; wody.gov.pl; wprost.pl; wspolnytrakt.pl; wwf.pl; wymarzonyogrod.pl; zagoramizalasami.org; zagroda nowa.pl; zakochaniwkwiatach.pl; zepak.com.pl; zielonagospodarka.pl; zielonasiec.pl; zielonewiadomosci.pl; zielonewydarzenia.pl; zielonyogrodek.pl; zlpwrp.pl; zpppn.pl; zycierolnika.pl- 2023
Emotion regulation in everyday life: Mapping global self-reports to daily processes.
Recent theory conceptualizes emotion regulation as occurring across three stages: (a) identifying the need to regulate, (b) selecting a strategy, and (c) implementing that strategy to modify emotions. Yet, measurement of emotion regulation has not kept pace with these theoretical advances. In particular, widely used global self-report questionnaires are often assumed to index people’s typical strategy selection tendencies. However, it is unclear how well global self-reports capture individual differences in strategy selection and/or whether they may also index other emotion regulation stages. To address this issue, we examined how global self-report measures correspond with the three stages of emotion regulation as modeled using daily life data. We analyzed data from nine daily diary and experience sampling studies (total N = 1,097), in which participants provided daily and global self-reports of cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, and rumination. We found only weak-to-moderate correlations between global self-reports and average daily self-reports of each regulation strategy (indexing strategy selection). Global self-reports also correlated with individual differences in the degree to which (a) preceding affect experience predicted regulation strategies (representing the identification stage), and (b) regulation strategies predicted subsequent changes in affective experience (representing the implementation stage). Our findings suggest that global self-report measures of reappraisal, suppression, and rumination may not strongly and uniquely correlate with individual differences in daily selection of these strategies. Moreover, global self-report measures may also index individual differences in the perceived need to regulate, and the affective consequences of regulation in daily life.
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