This article analyses the scale, dynamics, and thematic trends in research on the adoption of the Circular Economy (CE) among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the European Union (EU). Its primary aim is to map influential contributions, identify research clusters, and explore the interconnections between barriers, enablers, and eco-innovation strategies that facilitate CE transitions in SMEs. The core research problem concerns how SMEs adopt CE principles and how these adoption patterns vary across strategic, technological, economic, and operational dimensions. A bibliometric analysis of publications from 2016–2025 indexed in the Scopus database was conducted using Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer. Performance analysis (of authors, journals, and countries) and scientific mapping (via bibliographic coupling and keyword co-occurrence) were complemented by comparative cluster analysis to explore synergies among different aspects of CE adoption. The findings highlight the interplay of digitalization, leadership, ecoinnovation, and supportive policy in driving CE transitions in SMEs. However, certain limitations should be emphasized. Reliance on English-language publications and a single database (Scopus) may lead to the underrepresentation of studies published in national languages or disseminated through other repositories. The focus on EU-affiliated studies may also limit broader global applicability. Moreover, the bibliometric approach prioritizes quantitative results, constraining indepth assessment of theoretical and methodological dimensions. Despite these limitations, the study deepens understanding of CE implementation processes and offers practical recommendations for policymakers, researchers, and business leaders.
Objectives:
FAP Intimacy Scale (FAPIS) is a self-reported measure allowing to assess the process of change in a client’s intimate relating, specific to behavioral definition of intimacy. FAPIS consists of 14 questions with three subscales: Hidden Thoughts and Feelings, Expression of Positive Feelings, and Honesty and Genuineness. The aim of this study is to assess psychometric properties of the Polish version of this tool.
Methods:
A total of 423 people (350 women and 70 men, others did not reveal gender) in the age of 18–55 completed online the set of self-reported measures. Confirmatory factor analysis and bivariate Pearson correlations were calculated.
Results:
The three-factor internal structure of the tool was confirmed. All three scales of the instrument demonstrated very high internal consistency. The theoretical validity of the tool has been confirmed: the scales are significantly correlated with each other and with the overall score. FAPIS scales were associated with other measures of various aspects of intimacy or emotions experienced in relationships (e.g., anxiety, avoidance, closeness), as well as depression, and various aspects of interpersonal competence.
Conclusions:
The Polish version of the FAPIS presents itself as a valuable tool for use in scientific research and therapeutic practice.
This study examines how work design influences employee mental health and job satisfaction within the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework, incorpo-rating a biopsychosocial perspective. Data were collected from 306 employees (228 women, 78 men) using the Polish adaptations of the Work Design Question-naire (WDQ; Hauk, 2014) and the Satisfaction with Job Scale (SWJS; Zalewska, 2003), alongside the Symptom Checklist-27-plus (SCL-27-plus; Hardt, 2008; Kuncewicz et al., 2014) for mental health outcomes. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that ergonomic conditions, autonomy, and feedback were the strongest predictors of job satisfaction. Mediation analyses further indicated that job satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between ergonomics and both depressive and pain symptoms, while effects on vegetative, agoraphobic, and sociophobic symptoms were weaker and largely nonsignificant. These findings highlight the pivotal role of well-structured and supportive work environments – particularly physical conditions – in fostering job satisfaction and protecting mental health. The results provide practical guidance for organizations aiming to enhance employee well-being, emphasizing ergonomics, autonomy, feedback, and social support as key resources in contemporary work design.
