The ‘Costumes of Authority’ project (2022–2024) investigated how clothing expressed secular and religious authority in Christian Nubia (ninth–fourteenth centuries). Experimental reconstruction of five representative costumes (two kings, two royal mothers, one bishop) based on iconographic and textile evidence highlights the physical impact and visual effect of these garments.
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article
Task-Unrelated Thoughts (TUT) are a prevalent transdiagnostic phenomenon, robustly associated with both adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. However, it is still not clear which factors determine the maladaptive outcomes of TUT. In this study, we focused on analysing the role of a wide spectrum of TUT characteristics in everyday functioning, specifically their associations with momentary affective states, depressive symptoms, heart rate variability, and sleep quality. Forty-seven participants took part in a seven-day ecological momentary protocol, completing momentary and daily questionnaires alongside continuous ECG monitoring. Additionally, trait-level measures of mind-wandering, repetitive negative thinking, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were collected using self-report questionnaires. The results show that TUT Emotional Appraisal—especially perceived burden and thought valence—were significant predictors of affective momentary outcomes. In contrast, perceived usefulness of TUT significantly predicted depressive symptoms at the daily level. Part of the associations between TUT characteristics and outcomes was moderated by individual differences, such as tendency to engage in mind-wandering or repetitive negative thinking, as well as trait-level depressive and anxiety symptoms.
Objectives
This study examined daily associations between experiencing health-related social control (persuasion and pressure) from a close other and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), smoking abstinence, reactance-related behaviours (oppositional behaviour), and positive and negative affect. Additionally, we investigated whether daily and person-mean preference for self-reliance moderated these associations.
Design
A secondary analysis of two 21-day daily-diary studies was conducted: one tracked MVPA in patients after cardiac rehabilitation (n = 137), and another investigated adults' attempts to quit smoking (n = 71).
Methods
Participants completed daily questionnaires. Minutes of MVPA were measured using hip-worn accelerometers, and smoking abstinence was assessed dichotomously with carbon monoxide monitors. Bayesian multilevel models tested within-person effects.
Results
Across both studies, higher daily pressure was linked to increased odds of above-average reactance-related behaviours. Pressure was further unfavourably associated with MVPA and affect in the cardiac rehabilitation sample, but unrelated to smoking abstinence and affect in the smoking cessation study. Daily persuasion only showed a small favourable association with positive affect in the smoking cessation sample. However, exploratory moderation analyses indicated it might be more effective for improving health behaviour when coming from a romantic partner. Neither daily nor person-mean preference for self-reliance moderated any associations, but the latter displayed unfavourable associations with affect and reactance-related behaviour in the smoking cessation study.
Conclusions
Daily pressure appears consistently counterproductive. Associations for persuasion may be more nuanced, potentially shaped by factors like the message source. Although preference for self-reliance did not moderate any associations, its unfavourable direct associations warrant further investigation.
People with attachment anxiety frequently experience problems in social relationships and tend to form a strong attachment toward material objects as a substitute for their interpersonal insecurities. However, the underlying mechanism linking attachment anxiety with material values is not well-defined. We propose that anxiously attached people are more prone to avoid thoughts, feelings, and experiences, thereby leading to greater material values. In three correlational studies and a preregistered experiment conducted across Russian, Turkish, Polish, and U.S. samples (N = 1,397), we investigated whether experiential avoidance mediates the link between attachment anxiety and material values. The indirect effect of attachment anxiety on material values through experiential avoidance was consistently significant across all studies. In Study 4, we also demonstrated that inducing attachment anxiety (vs. negative affect) led to a suppression of unwanted experiences, feelings, and thoughts, resulting in more material values. We suggest that interventions focused on secure relationships may enhance anxiously attached individuals’ action strategies, potentially reducing their material values, with implications for the literature on attachment styles and material values as well as broader models of social and clinical psychology.
The present systematic review synthesizes the findings of 31 studies that employ the eye-tracking method to investigate visual attention in the context of climate communication. The review clustered the studies into six thematic categories related to the concepts explored: message types, attentional biases, visualizations, consumer packaging, expert systems, and climate-related art. Although fixation-based metrics are widely used, the field underutilizes advanced gaze analyses and overlooks some methodological details, such as sampling rates and calibration protocol, when presenting the eye-tracking method. Most of the studies focused on Western populations, limiting global applicability. This review highlights the potential of eye tracking to improve climate communication and calls for more diverse and methodologically robust research.
