The aim of the paper is to analyse the legal regulations regarding continuing professional development in the light of the Act of 17th August 2023 on the Selected Healthcare Professions. Above issue is of the essence in practice. Continuing professional development is integrally related to the proper pursuit of the health profession, thus impacts of legal status of the patient. The author, using the legal-dogmatic method, points out and characterizes the form of continuing professional development (postgraduate education and professional development). Subsequently, the issues of cost and method of verification of continuing professional development were presented. The special rights that have a health professional perform a profession based on a labor employment relationship were also included. The regulation regarding continuing professional development is essential to ensure proper performance of professional activities and thus the safety of the patient.
The full-scale aggression of Russia against Ukraine in February 2022 and the destruction that followed in the aftermath have prompted multiple stakeholders to express their sympathy towards the victimised country, including Japan. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Kishida Fumio, Japan has been an important supporter of Ukraine and played a key role in maintaining international attention on the ongoing conflict. This article investigates how Japan engaged in diplomacy of sympathy towards Ukraine between 2022 and 2024. It explores both symbolic and tangible expressions of support to demonstrate that, in the wake of 2022 Russian aggression, Japan has provided an unprecedented level of backing to Ukraine, utilising emotionally-rich language to both condemn the aggressor and recognise the perseverance of the victim, as well as extending substantial financial help to Ukraine. The article elucidates that Japan’s actions have contributed to enacting their role of principled defender of the rules-based world order, improving the country’s standing in Central and Eastern Europe and stimulating a domestic discussion on desirable societal reactions in the event of conflict.
To opt for taxation under the flat-rate scheme for corporate income, a taxpayer must meet several conditions. One of them is the employment requirement. A taxpayer subject to this regime must employ a specified number of people. What is puzzling in this context (and has extremely significant practical implications) is whether a breach of this condition in the first year will result in the ZAW-RD becoming ineffective, or in the loss of the right to this tax preference at the end of the first year. If the first conclusion were correct, such a taxpayer would incur tax arrears, whereas in the second scenario, there would be no arrears. However, the conclusions drawn from a literal interpretation differ from those arising from a purposive interpretation. This article aims to verify which type of interpretation should be applied in this regard.
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article
Since the political and economic transformation of 1989, public museums in Poland have undergone change, which is particularly evidenced by high numbers of visitors, new premises, and award-winning exhibitions. Those developments, however, are not systemic, and furthermore, the introduction of change is far from consistent and encounters stern resistance. There is, moreover, a marked lack of knowledge concerning the reasons for this status quo. Therefore, to address this cognitive gap, the following research question was posed: what are the key barriers to organisational change in Poland's public museums? In order to answer it, the authors conducted a qualitative empirical study involving 27 interviews with top-level directors of Polish public museums. The results suggest that the main barriers to organisational change are internal, including low organisational culture and the absence of a clearly defined attitude to the visitor, as well as external barriers, particularly the lack of respect of the governing body for museum autonomy and lack of financial stability in the institutions governing them.
