Introduction: This study aims to explore differences in the prevalence of early maladaptive schemas (EMS) in convicted sexual offenders (CSO’s) as compared to the general male population (control group).
Methods: The study included 102 men incarcerated for sexual offences and 167 men from a non-criminal population. The study used the Polish version of Young’s schema questionnaire – YSQ-S3-PL.
Results: The results demonstrated a higher degree of EMS severity in CSO except in the ‘impaired limits’ domain where non-criminal individuals scored higher. The individuals who have committed sexual offenses displayed more extensive and severe schemas than non-criminal / non-treated males (including more EMS domains).
Discussion: The study revealed nine early maladaptive schemas characterising the specific mind-set of male sex offender convicts. The results seem to illustrate well the genesis of the formation of a disordered personality as described by J. Young within the schema therapy concept. In the context of the cited studies, these structures – in addition to their important role in the development of psychopathology – appear to contribute to sexual offending.
Conclusions: The conclusion emerging from the findings is that EMS are an important problem for Individuals involved in sexual offending. A consideration of these schemas in the psychotherapy of CSO’s would help develop new and effective therapeutic protocols designed to treat that particular population and reduce the rate of repeat offending.
Prior research has demonstrated that adopting the market mindset hinders interpersonal trust. In the present work, we show that this effect is not universal, as trust can rise when people with the market mindset perceive the situation as resembling market-pricing principles. We start with showing that the Trust Game represents an interaction that people perceive as being more similar to market-pricing relationships rather than to communal-sharing relationships (Pilot Study; N = 114). In a series of three experiments, we then demonstrate that (1) compared to controls, participants with the market mindset make larger allocations in the Trust Game (Experiment 1; N = 131); (2) this effect is mediated by the motivation to use proportional thinking (preregistered Experiment 2; N = 581); and (3) compared to controls, people with the market mindset are more sensitive to proportions - their allocations in the Trust Game are significantly higher when multiplied by four compared to when multiplied by two (preregistered Experiment 3; N = 931).
The political participation and political views of young people have been the subject of debate in political, media, and academic circles for many years. This debate reflects opinions that are somewhat contradictory. On the one hand, research suggests that young people’s engagement at the traditional level—voting in parliamentary elections and participation in political parties—has declined in many countries (Henn & Weinstein, 2006; Pazderski, 2018; Szafraniec et al., 2017). This decline is explained in part by generational factors (youth as a period in which views are formed), political circumstances (neglect of the youth as an important group of voters), and cultural changes, including a “silent revolution” in which young people are embracing post-material values (Côté, 2014; Inglehart, 2018; Messyasz, 2015). On the other hand, there is a growing body of studies on noninstitutional forms of political participation by young people, including volunteering, new protest movements, online activism, and lifestyle politics, such as boycotting products for political reasons (Cammaerts et al., 2015; Giugni & Grasso, 2021; Hurrelmann & Albrecht, 2021). In this context, it is argued that a broader understanding of political participation should be considered, including new channels of mobilization (e.g., online engagement), and diversification of agencies, repertoires of actions, and targets whom participants seek to influence (Côté, 2014; Norris, 2002).
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweMonografia (zamknięty dostęp)Monograph Chapter
This pilot RCT tested the potential efficacy of a brief internet-based, passive psychoeducation intervention, Free From Abuse, in promoting healthy relationships among young adults. Participants aged 18-24 years were randomly assigned to an intervention-treatment (n = 71) or a placebo-control condition (n = 77). Participants in the treatment arm had a larger increase in recognition of abusive behaviour and reduction in domestic violence myth acceptance scores than participants in the control arm post-intervention and after one week. This study provides preliminary evidence that brief internet-based passive psychoeducation is potentially useful in promoting healthy relationships among young adults.
