International sporting events like the UEFA EURO 2024 provide a powerful natural context to study how social identity dynamics and social processes link to well-being and motivation beyond the sporting domain. In this pre-registered longitudinal experience-sampling study (N = 842; k = 2,414 post-game responses) across five European countries, we examined how social context (watching alone vs. with others) and game result (win vs. loss) link to spectators' life satisfaction and work motivation. Drawing on social identity and self-categorisation theory, we explored mediating processes including team, football, and national identity, as well as social processes—social connectedness and game-related socialising. Multilevel analyses revealed that watching games with others was unexpectedly associated with lower work motivation, an effect explained by alcohol consumption. The social context was unrelated to life satisfaction. Game result (i.e., a win) was positively related to life satisfaction and work motivation, mediated by social identities and social processes. These findings demonstrate that collective success—rather than shared spectating—coincides with positive psychological spill-overs from leisure to work. By situating these effects within a social identity framework, the study highlights how collective experiences relate to both evaluative well-being (i.e., life satisfaction) and motivational outcomes (i.e., work motivation) in everyday and organisational life.
This article analyzes the European model of digital platform regulation, embodied in Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 (Digital Services Act) and Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act), as a reference framework for the Brazilian legal system following the Supreme Federal Court decision that declared the partial unconstitutionality of Article 19 of the Marco Civil da Internet on June 26, 2025. The research examines the evolution of digital intermediary liability in European law, from the E-Commerce Directive of 2000 to the current tiered due diligence system of the DSA, as well as the algorithmic transparency obligations imposed by the AI Act. The study identifies elements of the European model potentially applicable to the Brazilian context, considering constitutional specificities and the categories of unlawful content established by the STF. It concludes that the European experience offers relevant insights for future Brazilian legislation, particularly regarding systemic risk management, content moderation, and artificial intelligence transparency.
On the basis of two social-affective frameworks, we posited that national football team performance (winning vs. losing) would impact spectators’ identities, affect and sociopolitical attitudes—including their intergroup attitudes (i.e., in-group favouritism and multiculturalism) and societal perceptions (i.e., national optimism, perceived crisis severity, political trust and perceived racism). During the UEFA EURO 2024 tournament in Germany, we assessed residents (N = 1012) from five participating countries before the tournament (baseline) and after each game. Confirming our preregistered hypotheses, national team wins led to stronger national identification, which, in turn, predicted more in-group favouritism and less support for multiculturalism. Wins also predicted more positive affect, which then coincided with stronger national optimism. Contrary to our hypotheses, however, no direct effects emerged for spectators’ political trust, nor their perceptions of crisis severity and racism. These findings highlight ways in which national sports experiences can predict spectators’ collective identities, emotions and selected sociopolitical attitudes.
Objective: Psychological flexibility (the ability to be fully present and open to experience and engage in values-based activities) and inflexibility (the absence of this ability) may affect patients' emotional well-being after cancer treatment. However, understanding the impact of psychological (in)flexibility in the daily lives of cancer survivors remains limited. This study aimed to distinguish between between-person and within-person effects of psychological (in)flexibility subprocesses, examining whether psychological flexibility (PF) has favorable and inflexibility (PI) has unfavorable outcomes on daily affect, both between- and withinperson. Methods: Participants included 155 patients (mean age 45.74±12.38 years; 55.5% male) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Survivors completed daily assessments of PF subprocesses (contact with the present moment, self as context, acceptance, defusion, values, committed actions), their PI counterparts, and affect (positive and negative) for 14 consecutive days after hospital discharge. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used to distinguish between- and within-person associations. Results: Results showed that contact with values had between- and within-person affective benefits, while the effects of contact with the present moment were opposite. Committed action and acceptance were associated with better affect at the between- and within-person level, respectively. The effects of PI subprocesses were in line with expectations. Conclusion: In HCT survivors, psychological (in)flexibility subprocesses had diverse correlates with emotional well-being, both between- and within-person. These findings provide useful insights for creating interventions that improve survivor well-being based on strengthening psychological flexibility.
The aim of this study is to examine how professionals from Latin America working in Poland negotiate their cultural identities and make sense of their multiculturalism within organizational settings. Ten bicultural or multicultural individuals participated in in-depth interviews and created Cultural Identity Circles. Drawing on the frameworks of Bicultural Identity Integration and cultural identity styles, the findings indicate that across the sample, harmonious, blended, and hybridized identity styles were most prevalent among participants, with some individuals demonstrating multiple styles simultaneously. Alternating was less common, appearing mainly through contextual language switching. Moreover, within organizational contexts, multiculturalism was largely perceived as an asset. Participants drew on multilingualism, cultural bridging, and relational warmth rooted in Latin American values as deliberate strategies for fostering inclusion, mediating between teams, and navigating diverse workplace norms. However, these advantages were accompanied by costs, including linguistic barriers, being subject to stereotyping, and feelings of otherness. This study contributes to the field by providing phenomenologically grounded insights into Latin American professionals in Poland, an underexplored group in a Central and Eastern European context, and by demonstrating the value of cultural identity mapping as an elicitation tool for uncovering complex identity negotiations of bi- and multicultural individuals. The article calls for more dynamic approaches to multiculturalism, grounded in qualitative inquiry and close attention to lived experiences.
