The self-interest bias, the tendency to evaluate moral situations more leniently when personal benefit is at stake, is a robust phenomenon in moral judgment. However, little is known about which individual characteristics predict variation in susceptibility to this bias. Across three preregistered experimental studies (N = 1473), we examined how dispositional greed, self- versus other-interest motivation, and moral identity (Moral Self and Moral Integrity) moderate the self-interest bias in moral and justice judgments. Participants evaluated an unfair monetary decision that either benefited themselves or another person. Consistent with prior research, participants judged self-beneficial unfair decisions as more moral and just. Importantly, this bias was amplified among individuals high in dispositional greed and self-interest motivation, and attenuated among those high in other-interest motivation. Unexpectedly, Moral Self was associated with a stronger, rather than weaker, self-interest bias. Moreover, high Moral Integrity in combination with high Moral Self predicted increased leniency toward self-serving unfairness, consistent with motivated reasoning models. These findings highlight that moral judgment is not only shaped by objective norms but also by personal goals, identity, and self-relevance, revealing individual characteristics that are reliably associated with greater variation in moral reasoning when fairness conflicts with personal gain.
An essential reference to the intersection of language and death and dying, this book presents an overview of the methodologies, current debates, history and future of research in language-related death studies.
Adopting a highly interdisciplinary approach, the book explores a wide variety of phenomena and contexts of death and dying, examining language and discourse from linguistic, psychological, philosophical, and anthropological perspectives, among others. Divided into three parts, it considers three viewpoints from which death and dying can be understood: first-person, second-person, and third-person. The chapters cover an extensive array of topics, from presentations of death within social media and news reports, through to specific contexts of dying and types of death, including palliative care, assisted dying, suicide, and COVID-19. They also engage with data from across a range of national, cultural, and linguistic contexts, offering a broad international perspective.
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweMonografia (zamknięty dostęp)Monography edition
This chapter explores the intersection of Critical Discourse Studies (CDS) and ethnography, examining the extent they can be seen as complementary approaches to understanding social action. While CDS focuses on language and discourse, ethnography emphasises social practices, both offer distinct yet interrelated perspectives on how individuals engage with the social world. In the chapter, we start with an overview of the conceptual foundations of ethnography and discuss how CDS has engaged with ethnographic methods. This is followed by a discussion of two hypothetical case studies involving ethnography and discourse analysis. We examine the methodological, practical, and ethical considerations that arise from such research. In doing so, we argue that a collaborative approach between CDS and ethnography can enhance each other's analytical depth and, in the process, enrich the insights they afford in examining the social world.
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweMonografia (zamknięty dostęp)Monograph Chapter
