Digitized collections available online constitute an important source of information for researchers. The ability to browse them from any location and at any convenient time greatly facilitates scholarly work. The aim of this article is to analyze representations of women in selected digital archival collections, to present the circumstances of their creation, as well as curiosities and other information useful to those interested in this area of study. Debates concerning the role of women in society have been taking place in Europe since the Middle Ages, conducted predominantly by men. These discussions encompassed theological, social, legal, and professional aspects, which are reflected in the representations of women found in numerous photographic archives. The selected photographic collections include Europeana, “Być kobietą, być kobietą…” (“Being a Woman, Being a Woman…”), “Fotografie polskich arystokratek”, “Kobieta zmienną jest” (“Woman is Changeable”), and “Szalone lata dwudzieste” (“The Roaring Twenties”). The study seeks to address the question of how representations of women differ across historical periods. The images of women were examined through case studies of diverse photographic collections, both international and national in scope.
In December 2024, in a sweeping military campaign, the HTS overran several government strongholds in Syria and took Damascus, installing a transitional government and creating new institutions. According to Huntington’s model, this was a replacement transition which did not require the new rulers to negotiate a transitional agreement with the incumbent government. In this article, we argue that the HTS leadership nevertheless cannot freely choose among the available options of transitional justice, but instead is constrained by external and domestic factors, which are already about to push the new government into the direction of restorative and symbolic transitional justice measures. In view of Syria’s dire economic conditions, redistributive victim-centered justice is just as unlikely as harsh and broad punishment for perpetrators of past human rights abuses. The latter would be severely hampered by the new rulers’ rule-of-law commitments and the weakness of the post-al-Asad judiciary.
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article
Depression-related symptoms, such as loss of motivation and diminished interest in activities, correspond to loss of agency. Given recent evidence that agency (or its lack) can be reliably detected in language, we investigated how linguistic manifestations of agency relate to depressive experiences. In two studies, we explored whether semantic agency can serve as a novel marker of depressive experiences within the context of postpartum. We analyzed data from Twitter (Study 1, N = 17,664 tweets) and Reddit (Study 2, N = 3033 posts), using three complementary approaches: machine learning-based topic detection, analysis of established linguistic markers of depression, and expert coding of depressive experiences. Across both studies, reduced semantic agency consistently emerged as a reliable indicator of depressive features. Posts discussing individuals’ depressive experiences in the postpartum period exhibited lower levels of
semantic agency; semantic agency within posts was negatively correlated with established linguistic markers of depression; and semantic agency was negatively linked to depressive experiences as coded by experts. These findings highlight the potential of semantic analysis for mental health applications, suggesting that agency-based markers could enrich existing linguistic frameworks examining psychological distress. While this research is at an early stage, future validation could clarify whether such markers might enhance the sensitivity of language-based screening tools for identifying individuals in need of mental health support.
