Brief Report: Do autistic traits explain lower levels of psychological well-being in non-binary individuals?

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Authors
Tokarek͐, Agata
Gąsiorowska, Agata
Król, Magdalena
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Date
2025-04-10
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Research in Autism
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124
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1-6
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3050-6573
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The link between autistic traits and gender diversity is well established and it is also known that both autistic and non-binary individuals may demonstrate lower levels of mental health. In this preregistered study, we tested whether autistic traits account for the lower psychological well-being of non-binary people. We compared a group of 135 non-binary individuals with 126 cisgender participants of similar age. We measured their level of autistic traits using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaire. We treated psychological well-being as a latent variable constructed from the life satisfaction (SWL, cognitive component) and depression (CESD-R, affective component) scales. We found significantly lower psychological well-being, which included both significantly lower life satisfaction and significantly higher levels of depression, and significantly higher levels of autistic traits in non-binary participants compared to cisgender participants. Further analysis of the indirect effect showed that higher levels of autistic traits accounted for the association between non-binary gender identification and lower psychological well-being, confirming the hypothesis. This finding demonstrates the importance of autism screening in the non-binary population. Furthermore, interventions to improve well-being of the non-binary population should not be limited to working with gender dysphoria, but should also consider areas of functioning typically associated with autism.
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Keywords PL
Keywords EN
Non-binary gender identity
Autistic traits
Well-being
Depression
Life satisfaction
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https://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/1414
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Acquisition Date24.04.2025
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