Artykuły (zamknięty dostęp)
Permanent URI for this collection
Recent Submissions
- 2024-12-12
“The way I see it makes me believe you intentionally did it”: Intentionality ascription and gaze transition entropy in violent offenders
Cognitive processes underlying inferences regarding inferring mental states (i.e. intentionality ascription) are still to be investigated. To assess how people accumulate social cues in order to attribute intentionality, a measure of gaze transition entropy (GTE) seems indicated to throw some light on these processes. Violent behavior is associated with distorted attributional processes but also with deficiencies in attention to socially relevant cues. Therefore, the current study compared the level of entropy between both violent male and female offenders and non-offenders and explore the association between GTE and ascribing intentionality. The sample (N = 128) consisted of violent inmates (N = 63, 31 women) and adults living in the community (N = 65, 31 women). Lower entropy characterized violent offenders to a greater extent as compared to those with no history of volent crimes. Moreover, lower entropy predicted greater intentionality ascription especially in judging ambiguous and hostile harmful events but only in the violent offender group. Findings imply that hostile attributions in violent offenders not only depend on a predisposition to interpret external reality in a hostile manner but can be the result of an inferential processing based on insufficient and incomplete information.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2022
Give me your least educated: immigration, education and support for populist radical right parties in Europe
This article deepens the analysis of the effects of immigration on the vote for Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, focusing on education levels of both natives and immigrants. By analysing the immigrant population in 101 regions from 11 European countries, we show that in contexts with a large immigrant presence, the low-educated voters tend to support Populist Radical Right Parties to a greater degree than those who are more educated. However, when the ratio of skilled immigrants is high, also the more educated population tends to support these parties. Hence, our analysis adds insight into the relationship between immigration, education and Populist Radical Right Parties voting, highlighting the need of focusing at lower levels of aggregation and combining the characteristics of both foreign-born and host populations.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2024-06-17
Development of a culture-common formal characteristics of behavior – temperament markers inventory (FCB-TMI-CC)
Zawadzki, BogdanCremeans-Smith, Julie K.Alessandri, GuildoBielak, PatrykCamino, VictoriaJung Cha, EunCho, YunkyungDobrowolski, PawełFajkowska, MałgorzataFilosa, LorenzoFruehstorfer, David B.Galarregui, MarinaGoldfarb, RocioHyun, Myoung-HoKalinina, ZhannaKeegan, EduardoMambetalina, AliyaMcHugh, LouiseMiracco, MarianaOshio, AtsushiPark, ChowonPartarrieu, AndresDe Rosa, LorenaSabirova, RaikhanSamekin, AdilSánchez, EmilianoSarno, MariaTarruella, CeciliaTulekova, Gulmira M.Tuyakovna Topanova, GulmiraThe goal was to create a brief temperament inventory grounded in the Regulative Theory of Temperament (FCB-TMI-CC), with a user-friendly, online applicability for studies in different cultures. As the regulative role of temperament is strongly revealed under meaningful stress, the study was planned within the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. To ensure high diversity in terms of culture, economic and environmental conditions, data from nine countries (Poland, United States of America, Italy, Japan, Argentina, South Korea, Ireland, United Kingdom and Kazakhstan) were utilized (min. N = 200 per country). Validation data were gathered on the level of COVID-19 stressors, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, and Big Five personality traits. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis served as the basis for the inventory’s construction. The final culture-common version includes 37 items (5–6 in each of the 7 scales) and covers the core aspects of temperament dimensions. Temperament structure was confirmed to be equivalent across measured cultures. The measurement is invariant at the level of factor loadings and the reliability (internal consistency) and theoretical validity of the scales were at least acceptable. Therefore, the FCB-TMI-CC may serve as a valuable tool for studying temperament across diverse cultures and facilitate cross-cultural comparisons.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Review article - 2023-05
Family First: Evidence of Consistency and Variation in the Value of Family Versus Personal Happiness Across 49 Different Cultures
Krys, KubaYeung, June ChunHaas, Brian W.van Osch, YvetteKosiarczyk, AleksandraKocimska-Zych, AgataTorres, ClaudioSelim, Heyla A.Zelenski, John M.Bond, Michael HarrisPark, JoonhaMiu-Chi Lun, VivianMaricchiolo, FridannaVauclair, Christin-MelaniePoláčková Šolcová, IvaSirlopú, DavidXing, CaiVignoles, Vivian L.van Tilburg, Wijnand A. P.Teyssier, JulienSun, Chien-RuSerdarevich, UrsulaSchwarz, BeateSargautyte, RutaRøysamb, EspenRomashov, VladyslavRizwan, MuhammadPavlović, ZoranPavlopoulos, VassilisOkvitawanli, AyuNadi, AzarNader, MartinMustaffa, Nur FarizaMurdock, ElkeMosca, OrianaMohorić, TamaraBarrientos Marroquin, Pablo EduardoMalyonova, ArinaLiu, XinhuiLee, J. HannahKwiatkowska, AnnaKronberger, NicoleKlůzová Kráčmarová, LucieKascakova, NataliaIşık, İdilIgou, Eric R.Igbokwe, David O.Hanke-Boer,Gavreliuc, AlinGarðarsdóttir, Ragna B.Fülöp, MártaGamsakhurdia, VladimerEsteves, Carla SofiaDomínguez-Espinosa, AlejandraDenoux, PatrickCharkviani, SalomeBaltin, ArnoArevalo, DouglasAppoh, LilyAkotia, CharityAdamovic, MladenUchida, YukikoPeople care about their own well-being and about the well-being of their families. It is currently, however, unknown how much people tend to value their own versus their family’s well-being. A recent study documented that people value family happiness over personal happiness across four cultures. In this study, we sought to replicate this finding across a larger sample size (N = 12,819) and a greater number of countries (N = 49). We found that the strength of the idealization of family over personal happiness preference was small (average Cohen’s ds = .20, range −.02 to.48), but present in 98% of the studied countries, with statistical significance in 73% to 75%, and variance across countries <2%. We also found that the size of this effect did vary somewhat across cultural contexts. In Latin American cultures highest on relational mobility, the idealization of family over personal happiness was very small (average Cohen’s ds for Latin America = .15 and .18), while in Confucian Asia cultures lowest on relational mobility, this effect was closer to medium (ds > .40 and .30). Importantly, we did not find strong support for traditional theories in cross-cultural psychology that associate collectivism with greater prioritization of the family versus the individual; country-level individualism–collectivism was not associated with variation in the idealization of family versus individual happiness. Our findings indicate that no matter how much various populists abuse the argument of “protecting family life” to disrupt emancipation, family happiness seems to be a pan-culturally phenomenon. Family well-being is a key ingredient of social fabric across the world, and should be acknowledged by psychology and well-being researchers and by progressive movements too.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2023-06
Cognitive performance after a 2-week course of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation
Aims: Reduction in vagal activity may play an etiological role in cognitive problems. The efficacy of a transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) - an intervention with direct effects on brain systems - in improving cognitive problems is unknown. We tested the effect of daily tVNS administered for 2-weeks on cognitive function in a sample of 68 men and women aged 18–75 years. [...] Methods: Participants were randomised into four groups: early and late active tVNS (left tragus) and early and late sham (placebo) tVNS (left earlobe). Early groups underwent daily 4 h stimulation between Day 0 and 13, while late groups underwent daily 4 h stimulation between Day 14 and 28. Cognitive outcomes included 1) cumulative score of 4 executive function tests (from NIH Examiner Battery) and 2) Immediate recall (RAVLT). [...] Results: Analysis of prespecified contrasts revealed that executive function score improved in all groups similarly over time and that there were no differences in change between placebo and active stimulation. For immediate recall, there were significant improvements for actual tVNS between Day 0–13 in the early stimulation phase(p = 0.02), and between Day 14–28 in the late phase(p = 0.01). Moreover during the late period, the improvement in immediate recall in the tVNS group was greater compared to [...]. Conclusion: Overall, we found that tVNS applied daily improved immediate recall but not executive function. Our preliminary results suggest that transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation may have a beneficial effect on memory but not executive functioning. [...]Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal Article in Conference proceedings