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- 2022-04
Changes in temperament traits associated with remission of PTSD symptoms after pharmacology, psychotherapy and combined treatment in a sample of participants in motor vehicle accidents
The goal of the study was to examine whether treatments of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with psychotherapy (PE), pharmacotherapy (paroxetine) and their combination would result in changes in temperament towards a pattern of increasing stimulation processing capacity. We assumed that temperament changes might be recorded in participants with posttreatment remission of PTSD. The research question was whether all treatment modalities used in the study would lead to the same changes in temperament. Data from 135 patients who had completed therapy were randomly assigned to a twelve-week treatment of PE, paroxetine or combined treatments and were analysed. Temperamental traits were assessed by the Formal Characteristics of Behaviour-Temperament Inventory before and after treatment and at the one-year follow-up, and PTSD symptoms were assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders and a Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. The results showed that temperament changes were observed only in subjects with remission of PTSD symptoms regardless of treatment modality and were maintained at follow-up. In conclusion, the study indicates that temperament traits change under effective treatment of PTSD towards a pattern of increased stimulation processing capacities. Despite the mechanisms of change, pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions influence this process.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2024-11
Everything honks, everything creaks: Frank O'Hara and the early poetry of James Schuyler
In 1993, Geoff Ward stated that "O'Hara's methods were in a sense absorbed and filtered by Schuyler, his more exploratory and prolific output converted to a series of moves, a repertoire, that Schuyler could then deploy at will" (14–15). Schuyler, however, did not simply mimick the characteristic rhetorical gestures of O'Hara's improvisational approach. O'Hara's influence on Schuyler's poetic sensitivity is undeniable, but this does not mean that Schuyler's work can be adequately described as an amalgam of elements gleaned from O'Hara. Despite many formal and thematic resemblances, Schuyler was interested in issues significantly different from those which absorbed O'Hara. O'Hara donned many costumes; in short, there are many different Frank O'Haras. I suggest taking a closer look at particular poems (the early ones) to see which of these costumes Schuyler at times borrowed from his friend.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2022-09
Dickens, judaism, and cosmopolitanism
This essay takes Dickens and Thackeray on Jews in London and in Europe, as contrasts, and it investigates the claims made in his lifetime that Dickens was anti-Semitic, especially in the writing of Fagin in Oliver Twist, though attention is also given to Great Expectations and Our Mutual Friend. The essay discusses the place given to Fagin in Dickens's autobiography relative to the blacking-factory, and also in the imagination of George Cruikshank, Dickens's illustrator for Oliver Twist. It traces also the qualities of grotesquery, excess and diabolism in Fagin, and its conclusion draws in the contrasted meanings of "cosmopolitan," both a citizen of the world, and one who is exiled, a stranger, and argues that Dickens gives place to the Jew as the latter.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2024-10-16
Unmasking Moral Hypocrisy: How Preschoolers Perceive and Judge Moral Hypocrites
Many previous studies indicate that children are highly sensitive to the immoral behavior of others, preferring prosocial over antisocial characters. Accordingly, children avoid transgressors from a very early age. A special kind of transgressor is the moral hypocrite, who not only acts immorally but also acts in contrast to what they preach. There are very few studies establishing whether children recognize moral hypocrisy and if it impacts their moral judgment. We ran three studies with preschoolers aged 4 to 6 years on whether children recognize moral hypocrisy and how children assess moral hypocrisy. In Studies 2 and 3, we also tested false-signaling theory as an explanation of the more negative assessments of moral hypocrites. In Study 1 (N = 133), we showed that children indeed assess moral hypocrites more negatively than nonhypocritical moral transgressors. In Study 2 (N = 115), we initially demonstrated that the assessment of moral hypocrites results from their inconsistency between words and deeds. Study 3 (N = 159) replicated the results of Studies 1 and 2 and, by excluding an alternative explanation, explained that moral hypocrites are perceived as less moral and liked less due to the false signals that they send.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2024-09
Mudfog: Crabbe and Dickens, and the View from the Marshes
This paper asks about the relationship of Crabbe's poetry (and his life) to Dickens, and pursues an interest in the marshy and muddy landscapes of David Copperfield, Bleak House, and Great Expectations, with attention also to Little Dorrit. I am interested in Dickens's neologism "mudfog," and how this extends through his fiction; in this specific case looking at Orlick in Great Expectations. I read him as deriving from Crabbe's Peter Grimes, and as an incarnation of the oozy stagnancy of the marshes in the novel. Here I draw on Julia Kristeva and Georges Bataille on the abject and the formless as a way of conceptualizing what Orlick, one of Dickens's more surprising characters, might represent. The whole paper is a continuation of interests discussed in an earlier paper on "Mudfog" (Dickens Quarterly, June 2024).Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article