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Are There Any Effective Behavior Change Strategies for Communicating Genetic Risk in Obesity Prevention and Body Weight Reduction Interventions?
This systematic review examined how differences in intervention components may contribute to inconsistent findings in genetic risk communication studies, addressing obesity-related outcomes (e.g., weight reduction, nutrition behavior, exercise). The review was preregistered (PROSPERO #CRD42024524026) and followed PRISMA guidelines. Searches across eight databases identified 23 randomized controlled trials, covering 18 intervention trials. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 tool. A narrative synthesis was used to cluster studies by the content of intervention and control groups. Genetic risk communication alone (no behavioral counseling, addressing nutrition and exercise) or combined with phenotype-based risk was ineffective and sometimes counterproductive among low-risk individuals. When combined with personalized behavioral counseling, effectiveness improved, but only when compared to waitlist control groups or non-personalized behavioral counseling. Significant effects emerged in high–genetic risk subgroups within personalized behavioral counseling, using behavior change techniques such as problem-solving, feedback on behavior, self-monitoring, and environmental changes. The most promising results emerged from complex interventions integrating genetic risk communication into multiple sessions and combining numerous additional behavioral change techniques, such as social reward, cues/prompts, self-reward. Complex personalized interventions combining multiple behavior change techniques and prompting experiential genetic risk awareness show promise for improving weight, nutrition, and exercise-related outcomes.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2026-01-20
Taking stock of Syria's Approach to Transitional Justice
In December 2024, in a sweeping military campaign, the HTS overran several government strongholds in Syria and took Damascus, installing a transitional government and creating new institutions. According to Huntington’s model, this was a replacement transition which did not require the new rulers to negotiate a transitional agreement with the incumbent government. In this article, we argue that the HTS leadership nevertheless cannot freely choose among the available options of transitional justice, but instead is constrained by external and domestic factors, which are already about to push the new government into the direction of restorative and symbolic transitional justice measures. In view of Syria’s dire economic conditions, redistributive victim-centered justice is just as unlikely as harsh and broad punishment for perpetrators of past human rights abuses. The latter would be severely hampered by the new rulers’ rule-of-law commitments and the weakness of the post-al-Asad judiciary.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2026-03
The Ambivalent Role of Perceived Low Cultural Distance in Acculturation—A Case of Ukrainian Migrants in Poland: A Qualitative Study
This study examines the role of perceived low cultural distance in the acculturation process of Ukrainian women (aged 22–31) who voluntarily migrated to Poland prior to 2019. Through qualitative analysis of 17 in-depth interviews, we explored how perceived cultural similarity between Poland and Ukraine is associated with the experiences of these migrants. Using reflexive thematic analysis, we found that while a perceived low cultural distance is associated with a sense of familiarity that may ease certain aspects of acculturation, it does not fully mitigate sociocultural challenges and acculturative stress these women experience. A notable and novel finding is the identification of the phenomenon we propose to call the “Minimization trap,” a theme suggesting that cultural and linguistic differences may be downplayed, potentially complicating sociocultural adaptation and psychological adjustment. Despite perceived similarity, significant cultural differences were reported, highlighting the need for targeted interventions such as intercultural training and language acquisition support. Our findings stress the importance of culturally sensitive policies that recognize both the opportunities and challenges associated with low cultural distance in the acculturation process.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2026-04-01
Investigating the replicability of the social and behavioural sciences
Tyner, Andrew H.Abatayo, Anna LouDaley, MasonField, SamuelFox, NicholasHaber, Noah A.Hahn, Krystal M.Struhl, Melissa KlineMawhinney, BrinnaMiske, OliviaSilverstein, PriyaSoderberg, Courtney K.Stankov, TheresaAbbasi, AhmedAberson, Christopher L.Aczel, BalazsAdamkovič, MatúšAlbayrak, NihanAllen, Peter J.Andreychik, MichaelAwtrey, EliAxxe, ErickAzevedo, FlavioBader, Miles D.Bago, BenceBailey, JamesBakker, MarjanBanik, GabrielBanks, George C.Baskin, ErnestBatruch, AnatoliaBeatteay, AnnikaBehr, Sophie M.Berente, NicholasBerry, ZachariahBiałkowski, JędrzejBodroža, BojanaBoeschoten, LauraBognar, MiklosBokhove, ChristianBonfiglio, DianeBouwman, RobinBrady, Timothy F.Braithwaite, Scott R.Briceño, Gabriel JiménezBrick, CameronBricka, TraciBriker, RomanBrown, Annette N.Brown, Gordon D. A.van Aert, Robbie C. M.Caldwell, KathrynCapitan, SaraCapitán, TabaréChandler, JesseCharles, TessaChartier, Christopher R.Chawdhary, RahulCheng, Kent JasonChopik, William J.Clark, BruceColvin, Victoria E.Comer, C. CozetteCostantini, GiulioCoupé, TomCummins, JamieCzernatowicz-Kukuczka, Anetade Leeuw, JoshuaDobolyi, DavidDruckman, James N.Duan, JianhuaDujmović, MarinDunleavy, Daniel J.Durkee, Patrick K.Emery, CécileEsterling, Kevin M.Evans, Thomas R.Fedor, AnnaFernández-Castilla, BelénFiala, NathanField, James G.Fong, NathanFonseca, Miguel A.Freeman, Alexandra L. J.Freese, JeremyGeiger, Sandra J.Geng, JingGetz, Laura M.Geven, Linda MarjoleineGleibs, Ilka HeleneGonzales, Donna PamellaGooty, JanakiGourdon-Kanhukamwe, AmélieGreculescu, CristinaGriffin, Siobhán M.Grigoryan, LusineGrunow, MartinaGunby, NicholasHall, BraedenHanel, Paul H. P.Hannon, Erin E.Harper, SamHeld, Marco JürgenHickman, LouisHiggins, Nathan C.Hippel, SvenjaHoeppner, SvenHong, SanghyunHostler, Thomas J.Inzlicht, MichaelJaeger, BastianJankowsky, KristinJarke-Neuert, JohannesJensen, MatthewJokić, BiljanaJolles, DanielJolly, PhillipJones, Angela M.Juanchich, MarieKačmár, PavolKapoor, HansikaKeljanovic, AndjelaKoirala, SamjhanaKołczyńska, MartaKouroupaki, DimitraKühnen, UlrichLandgrave, MichelangeloLarson, Michael J.Laulié, LyonelLawrence, Alice C. E.Le Forestier, Joel M.Leahy, Katelin E.Lee, SungmokLeslie, JaredLewis, Savannah C.Limnios, ChristopherLin, HauseLiu, An-ChiaoLloyd, John WillsLudvig, Elliot A.Lynott, DermotMacDonald, JordanMallik, PeterMallinson, Daniel J.Marinazzo, DanieleMartarelli, Corinna S.Matacotta, JoshuaMcBride, AndrewMcHugh, CillianMcMillan, GailMéndez, EstebanMetzger, MitchellMichaelides, Michalis P.Michalak, JohannesMicheli, LeticiaMiller, Jeremy K.Milyavskaya, MarinaMolden, Daniel C.Monjaras, Ambar G.Moreau, DavidMorrow, AudreyMoya, CristóbalMudrik, LiadMulder, Laetitia B.Munt, Katie A.Nandi, ArijitNason, KathrynNast, CarolinNave, GideonNax, Heinrich H.Neubauer, FlorianNguyen, Phuong Linh L.Nichols, Austin LeeNilsonne, GustavO’Boyle, ErnestOettinghaus, JuleOh, JeewonOshana, AdorilOstermann, ThomasOstrowski, Rachel P.Oyebanjo, AbiolaPanczak, RadoslawPatrianakos, JamiePavez, IgnacioPavlov, Yuri G.Persson, SofiaPerugini, MarcoPeters, KimPieters, ConstantPonizovskiy, VladimirPorter, Nathaniel D.Prenoveau, Jason M.Purić, DankaPurol, Mariah F.Puthillam, ArathyQuinn, Kimberly A.Ramljak, MarcoReed, W. RobertRitchie, MichaelaRitzau, MargaretRoche, Sean PatrickRodela, RominaRöer, Jan PhilippRopovik, IvanRothschild, JacobSaal, JustineSafadi, HaniSamaha, JasonSanchez, MarySankaran, SooryaSantos, DavidSargent, Amanda C.Sauter, MarianSchmidt, KathleenSchnabel, LandonSchroeder, Amber N.Schuetz, Sebastian W.Schuetze, Brendan A.Schulte-Mecklenbeck, MichaelSchütz, AstridSevigny, Eric L.Shackleton, EllieShafranek, Richard M.Shaki, SamuelShakya, ShishirSirota, MiroslavSisco, Matthew RyanSitnikov, Maksim M.Slevc, L. RobertSmalarz, LauraSmith, Colin TuckerSnyder, Joel S.Sommet, NicolasSonmez, FatihSpellman, Barbara A.Stanulewicz-Buckley, NataliaStock, GeorgeStreet, Chris N. H.Strømland, EirikSundelin, TinaSyed, MoinSzabelska, AnnaSzaszi, BarnabasSzumowska, EwaTagat, AnirudhTäuber, SusanneTay, LouisThapa, StutiThatcher, JasonTsaklakidou, DomnaTummers, LarsTurkovich, EliseTutor, Melba VerraUrbanska, Karolinavan’t Veer, Anna Elisabethvan Assen, Marcelvan de Ven, Nielsvan den Goorbergh, RubenVargo, Elisabeth JulieVaughn, Leigh AnnVazire, SimineVermeulen, Jentien M.Vo, Diem Thi HongVolkman, VictorWagenmakers, Eric-JanWagner, DeliahWalasek, LukaszWalter, FrankWarmelink, LaraWei, LiuqingWeißflog, Marie IsabelleWeller, NicholasWichman, Aaron L.Wilbiks, JonathanWilliams, Jamal R.Wolfe, KellyWort, FinnianWright, RyanWulff, Jesper N.Xue, XindongYan, Veronica X.Yang, YuzhiYoon, SangsukŽeželj, IrisZhang, YinxianZiano, IgnazioZogmaister, CristinaZupan, ZoranaZwaan, Rolf A.Nosek Brian A.Errington, Timothy M.Pursuing replicability — independent evidence for previous claims — is important for creating generalizable knowledge. Here we attempted replications of 274 claims of positive results from 164 quantitative papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 54 journals in the social and behavioural sciences. Replications were high powered on average to detect the original effect size (median of 99.6%), used original materials when relevant and available, and were peer reviewed in advance through a standardized internal protocol. Replications showed statistically significant results in the original pattern for 151 of 274 claims (55.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 49.2–60.9%)) and for 80.8 of 164 papers (49.3% (95% CI 43.8–54.7%)), weighed for replicating multiple claims per paper. We observed modest variation in replication rates across disciplines (42.5–63.1%), although some estimates had high uncertainty. The median Pearson’s r effect size was 0.25 (95% CI 0.21–0.27) for original studies and 0.10 (95% CI 0.09–0.13) for replication studies, an 82.4% (95% CI 67.8–88.2%) reduction in shared variance. Thirteen methods for evaluating replication success provided estimates ranging from 28.6% to 74.8% (median of 49.3%). Some decline in effect size and significance is expected based on power to detect original effects and regression to the mean because we replicated only positive results. We observe that challenges for replicability extend across social–behavioural sciences, illustrating the importance of identifying conditions that promote or inhibit replicability.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article - 2026-03-03
Beyond Prototypicality: Identity Leadership Is About Shaping and Embedding a Sense of Social Identity, Not Just Representing It
Wilson-Lemoine, Jérémy E.Swiatczak, Martyna D.Steffens, Niklas K.van Dick, RolfKerschreiter, RudolfArslan Akfirat, SerapAvanzi, LorenzoBallada, Christine Joy A.Barghi, BitaBazarov, TahirAruta, John Jamir Benzon R.Bunjak, AldijanaČerne, MatejDumont, KittyEdelmann, Charlotte M.Epitropaki, OlgaFransen, KatrienGarcía-Ael, CristinaGiessner, Steffen R.Gleibs, Ilka H.Godlewska-Werner, DorotaKark, RonitLaguia Gonzalez, AnaLam, HodarLipponen, JukkaLupina-Wegener, AnnaMarkovits, YannisMaskor, MazlanMolero Alonso, Fernando J.Monzani, LucasMoriano Leon, Juan A.Neves, PedroOrosz, GáborPandey, DiwakarPauknerová, DanielaRoland-Lévy, ChristineSamekin, AdilSchuh, Sebastian C.Sekiguchi, TomokiSong, Lynda JiwenStory, JoanaStouten, JeroenSultanova, LiliyaTatachari, SrinivasanValdenegro, Danielvan Bunderen, LisanneVan Dijk, DinaVörös, ViktorWong, Sut I.Youssef, FaridaZhang, Xin-anHaslam, S. AlexanderResearch inspired by the social identity theory of leadership has focused predominantly on the importance of a leader being seen to be representative of the groups they lead. However, beyond this, research suggests that leaders also need to create, advance, and embed a sense of shared social identity in those groups. In the present research, we explore how these different facets of identity leadership combine to form distinct leader profiles. We draw on two heterogeneous independent samples from the Global Identity Leadership Development project (N = 7682; N = 7855) to explore profiles of leaders’ engagement in identity leadership. In both studies, a latent profile analysis of the results of a CFA using a bifactor-(S − 1) model was conducted. In each case, the analysis identified two different predominant identity leadership profiles: ‘engaged identity leaders’ and ‘moderate-inconsistent identity leaders’. Employees working with engaged identity leaders reported substantially more positive job-related attitudes. The results were very similar across the two studies and suggest that this profile analysis is generalizable. The findings support suggestions that identity leadership is multidimensional rather than solely a matter of identity prototypicality.Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article