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- 2026-06-17
Links Between Vocational, Parental, and Romantic Identity and Life Satisfaction and Depressive Symptoms in Adulthood : A Comparison of Samples From the United States, South Africa, Japan, Poland, and Israel
Cohen-Malayev, MayaHihara, ShogoMorgan, ElizabethNaudé, LuzelleSaiga, SatokoSchachter, ElliSugimura, KazumiSense of personal identity plays a key role in shaping life satisfaction and mental health, but our knowledge of this relationship in adulthood is still limited. There have also been no studies on whether these relationships in adulthood are culturally specific or similar across cultures. Thus, the present study aimed to understand better how identity processes in the vocational, parental, and romantic domains are related to life satisfaction and severity of depressive symptoms in adults from five culturally diverse countries: United States (N = 467), South Africa (N = 306), Japan (N = 600), Poland (N = 456) and Israel (N = 488). The analysis showed significant differences in the intensity of identity processes between countries, with Japan and Poland having the lowest level of commitment and the highest level of reconsideration of commitment across different domains, whereas the United States and South Africa showed stronger in-depth exploration and commitment. Israel occupied an intermediate position, notable for its high commitment in the parenting domain. Overall, the results showed the rather universal significance of a mature identity – identity commitment was associated with higher life satisfaction and lower depressive symptoms and reconsideration of commitment with lower life satisfaction and higher depressive symptoms in all countries. However, some country differences were also observed, suggesting that social context and cultural values may influence the importance of particular identity domains. The study highlights the importance of integrating cultural context in analyses of identity in adulthood and provides a basis for further research in this area.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article - 2026-11-13
The spillover effect of unrealistic optimism and its temporal aspects
Unrealistic optimism is a phenomenon in which a person perceives oneself as less threatened than another person in the same situation leading to the feeling of control and fear reduction during and before threatening events. A small amount of research on unrealistic pessimism delivers the opposite picture: people perceive themselves as more exposed to negative consequences compared to others. The consequences of these biased perceptions of reality are seminal: the first leads to an increased risk of disregarded negative consequences, whilst the second leads to proactive actions toward self-protection. The present paper tries to replicate the unrealistic pessimism effect in a new context: floods. Surprisingly, results show that people affected by floods report unrealistic optimism. Non-affected participants shared this bias, described as the ‘spillover effect.’ Finally, this illusion persists over time, even when the risk is no longer present, challenging its fear-reduction explanation.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article - 2026-05
Discipline-specific AI adoption in higher education: insights for advancing quality education and sustainability (SDG 4)
Purpose: This study examines the usage patterns of artificial intelligence (AI) tools among 859 university students in Poland, representing three major academic fields. The research aims to identify discipline-specific differences in AI adoption, usage motivations, perceived benefits, and challenges, contributing to evidence-based strategies for advancing Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education). Design/methodology/approach: An exploratory quantitative approach was employed using a cross-sectional online survey conducted from February to May 2025. Data from 859 students across humanities and social sciences, natural sciences and technology, and arts and communication were analysed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric methods (KruskalWallis and DSCF post-hoc tests). Findings: Significant inter-group differences were identified in AI adoption patterns. Humanities students primarily use AI for knowledge expansion (54%) and translation (48%). Natural sciences students emphasise problem-solving (51%) and knowledge acquisition (62%). Arts students focus on translation (63%) and creative content generation (46%). Despite widespread adoption, students across all disciplines express concerns about data privacy, ethics, and employment impacts. Research limitations/implications: Convenience sampling and unequal group sizes limit generalizability. The cross-sectional design captures a single point during rapid technological change. Future longitudinal and comparative studies are recommended. Practical implications: Universities should develop discipline-specific AI integration strategies, targeted professional development for faculty, and comprehensive AI literacy curricula. Preparing graduates for the evolving business landscape requires aligning AI literacy, critical thinking, and ethical competencies with industry expectations. Social implications: The findings underscore the need for inclusive and equitable AI integration in higher education to prevent new forms of digital inequality, contributing to sustainable economic growth, digital transformation, and responsible workforce development. Originality/value: This study provides empirical evidence on discipline-specific AI adoption patterns in the underexplored Central and Eastern European context, documenting usage during the critical transition from experimental to systematic AI integration in higher education.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article - 2026-06-30
Media Education as a Neglected Component of Public Health Policy in Poland: An Analysis of the Activities of the National Broadcasting Council from 1994 to 2021
This paper assesses the role of media education as a neglected element of public health policy in Poland, using the example of actions undertaken by the National Broadcasting Council (KRRiT). The research employed a qualitative analysis of KRRiT’s annual reports published between 1993 and 2021, focusing on how media education initiatives are presented and implemented. The study found that, despite KRRiT’s legal responsibility for media education in Poland, its activities in this area are marginal, inconsistent, and lack a long‑term strategy. The paper reveals a significant gap between scientific research linking media use to well‑being and KRRiT’s approach to media education, which largely overlooks this important dimension. The findings suggest that media education in Poland is not effectively coordinated at the state level and fails to incorporate well‑being, indicating a serious shortcoming in public health policy. This research contributes to understanding the institutional barriers hindering the effective implementation of media education and argues for including media literacy as an essential component of public health strategies.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article