Artykuły
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- 2025-12-22
Look into my eyes: Attentional bias to facial expressions predict mechanisms of gullibility
This eye-tracking study aimed to explore the relationship between levels of gullibility and attentional allocation to threatening facial expressions. Using a dot-probe paradigm with concurrent eye-tracking, we found a distinct dissociation in how gullible versus non-gullible individuals process angry and neutral faces. While non-gullible participants demonstrated typical avoidance behaviors toward angry expressions, highly gullible individuals exhibited prolonged fixation on these social threat signals. These contrasting attentional patterns suggest that gullibility may fundamentally involve an insensitivity to cues of untrustworthiness rather than merely susceptibility to persuasion. Gullible individuals appear to lack the typical protective response of looking away from threatening social signals. These findings reveal how individual differences in gullibility shape basic attentional processes during social threat processingOtwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article - 2026-06-15
The vertical symphony: how pitch perception shapes spatial and affective mapping across different countries
Marmolejo-Ramos, FernandoTirado, CarlosYamada, YukiSasaki, KyoshiroHinojosa, JoséTejada, JulianRečka, KarelKlein, NadjaBriseño-Sánchez, GuillermoKundrát, JosefThis study investigates the interrelationship between auditory pitch perception, spatial mapping, and affective evaluation in human cognition. We conducted three experiments to investigate the complex relationships between pitch height, spatial localization, and emotional valence. Experiment 1 (n = 63) revealed a non-linear relationship between pitch height and affective evaluation, with extremely high and low pitches receiving significantly less positive ratings than moderately high and low pitches. Experiment 2 (n = 70) demonstrated a strong and consistent spatial mapping of sounds along a vertical axis. As pitch height increased, sounds were systematically mapped from lower to higher spatial positions, supporting the idea of metaphorical mapping of pitch on the vertical dimension. Experiment 3 (n = 90) yielded inconclusive results regarding the separation of spatial associations in an implicit context. Collecting data from four countries enabled cross-national comparisons of these phenomena. Our findings enhance understanding of both universal and country-specific aspects of cross-modal associations between sound and space. These insights have implications for uncovering the cognitive mechanisms behind metaphorical mapping of sensory perceptions.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article - 2026
What Drives Local Action? Proactive Reception and Early Integration for Ukrainian Forced Migrants in Polish Cities: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis
This study investigates the conditions under which Polish cities adopt proactive reception and early integration responses for Ukrainian forced migrants following the 2022 Russian invasion. Despite Poland's centralized governance and limited municipal authority over migration, certain cities adopted a proactive approach, coordinating reception and initiating early-integration measures beyond minimal compliance. Employing Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), we examined 12 urban cases to identify configurations of conditions - political leadership, institutional capacity, socio-economic opportunities, and community attitudes - that facilitate proactive approaches to reception and early integration. Our findings reveal that strong political leadership is a necessary condition across all proactive cases. Additionally, combinations involving high institutional capacity, favorable socio-economic conditions, and supportive community attitudes contribute to municipal action exceeding baseline requirements. These findings help to understand the urban context in shaping reception and early integration, demonstrating that local configurations of resources, governance, and community dynamics can drive municipal responses to forced migration crises, particularly within centralized systems.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article - 2026-03
Moral Outrage Predicts the Virality of Petitions for Change on Social Media, But Not the Number of Signatures They Receive
Social media platforms help activists to share their perspectives. However, there is concern that amplified content (e.g., moral outrage) may limit collective action. We studied how online petitions on www.change.org were shared and signed. Analyzing posts on X (n = 1,286,442) with URLs to petitions (n = 24,785) revealed that expressions of moral outrage were uniquely associated with the number of times posts were liked and reposted (virality). Mediation analyses showed that outrage was indirectly related to the number of signatures petitions received (via virality). However, outrage was associated with fewer signatures when controlling for virality. In contrast, expressions of agency, group identity, and prosociality were associated with more signatures but no more virality. The findings outline the factors linked to engagement with online petitions and describe how social media can amplify content which has no direct link to the sorts of effortful behaviours which are conducive to social change.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article - 2026-07-13
Betrayal trauma and adult mental health : The role of mentalizing and dissociation
Background Trauma experienced across the lifespan has been linked to a wide range of adverse mental health outcomes. However, the psychological mechanisms connecting betrayal trauma to later psychopathology remain insufficiently understood. Objective This cross-sectional study investigated associations between betrayal trauma during childhood and adulthood and adult psychopathology—specifically depressive symptoms and level of personality functioning within a dimensional model of personality disorders. We tested a path model examining direct and indirect associations between betrayal trauma at different developmental periods and adult psychopathology via dissociation and hypomentalizing. Participants A sample of 209 adults (61% female; aged 18–45 years; M = 29.7, SD = 7.88) were recruited from community and clinical settings in Poland. Methods Participants completed validated self-report measures assessing betrayal trauma, depressive symptoms, personality functioning (ICD-11 model), dissociation, and mentalizing. Path analyses with parallel mediation were conducted using SatorraBentler estimation and 5,000 bootstrap resamples to examine both direct and indirect associations. Results Both childhood and adulthood betrayal trauma were significantly associated with depressive symptoms and PD severity through dissociation and hypomentalizing [χ²(6) = 13.68, p = .033; CFI = 0.989; TLI = 0.931; RMSEA = 0.078; SRMR = 0.038]. No significant direct effects were observed once psychological processes were included. Mentalizing consistently demonstrated a stronger indirect association than dissociation across models. Adulthood betrayal trauma showed a greater total effect on depressive symptoms (β = .30; p < .001) than childhood trauma (β = .17; p = .043), whereas their effects on personality pathology were comparable (respectively, β = .21; p = .006 for adult trauma and β = .22; p = .008 for childhood trauma). For adulthood trauma and PD severity, the direct association was small and non-significant (β = −.06), whereas indirect effects via dissociation (β = .11) and mentalizing (β = .16) were positive, resulting in a positive total effect. Conclusions These findings indicate that the link between betrayal trauma and adult psychopathology may be best conceptualised in terms of co-occurring psychological processes rather than direct exposure effects. Hypomentalizing, in particular, appears to represent a key transdiagnostic mechanism connecting relational trauma across developmental stages with both mood and personality pathology.Otwarty dostępArtykułyJournal article