Exchange and Communal Orientations (ECO) scale: The construction and validation of a method to measure target-specific relational orientations
Exchange and Communal Orientations (ECO) scale: The construction and validation of a method to measure target-specific relational orientations
StatusVoR
Alternative title
Authors
Gąsiorowska, Agata
Kuźmińska, Anna O.
Zaleśkiewicz, Tomasz
Monograph
Monograph (alternative title)
Date
2025-06-03
Publisher
Journal title
PLOS One
Issue
6
Volume
20
Pages
Pages
1-33
ISSN
ISSN of series
Access date
2025-06-03
Abstract PL
Abstract EN
This paper introduces the ECO Scale—a novel self-report measure to assess the degree to which individuals exhibit a dispositional tendency to orient themselves according to communal or exchange rules when establishing and maintaining relationships with others. In a series of six studies (total N = 3,252) conducted with diverse samples of Polish, American, and British participants, we documented that the 20-item ECO Scale in two separate language versions (English and Polish) is a psychometrically solid measure that can be used in different research settings. In Studies 1–3, we demonstrated the two-dimensional structure of the scale and provided support for configural, metric, residual, and partial scalar invariance of the scale across Poland and the United States (US). Study 2 supports the discriminant and construct validity of the scale, and demonstrates gender differences across orientations. Study 3 confirmed the convergent and divergent validity of the communal and exchange dimensions. Study 4 demonstrated the high test-retest reliability of the scale. Finally, Studies 5 and 6 verified the diagnostic and predictive validity of the ECO Scale. Study 5 showed that a high level of communal orientation predicts perceptions of the ambiguous social situation as more communal, while a high level of exchange orientation predicts perceptions of the ambiguous social situation as more exchange-based. Study 6 demonstrated that relational orientations measured with the ECO Scale predicts not only the declared willingness to provide assistance in a situation characterized by purely communal, purely exchange, or conflictual communal and exchange cues, but also actual behavior in these situations.
Abstract other
Keywords PL
Keywords EN
Keywords other
Exhibition title
Place of exhibition (institution)
Exhibition curator
Type
License type
Funder
Time range from
Time range to
Contact person name
Related publication
Related publication
Grant/project name
Collections
Views
5Acquisition Date11.06.2025
Downloads
3Acquisition Date11.06.2025
Altmetrics©
Dimensions
Google Scholar
