Are you confident enough to act? Individual differences in action control are associated with post-decisional metacognitive bias

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cris.lastimport.scopus2025-04-04T03:14:04Z
dc.abstract.enThe art of making good choices and being consistent in executing them is essential for having a successful and fulfilling life. Individual differences in action control are believed to have a crucial impact on how we make choices and whether we put them in action. Action-oriented people are more decisive, flexible and likely to implement their intentions in the face of adversity. In contrast, state-oriented people often struggle to commit to their choices and end up second-guessing themselves. Here, we employ a model-based computational approach to study the underlying cognitive differences between action and state-oriented people in simple binary-choice decision tasks. In Experiment 1 we show that there is little-to-no evidence that the two groups differ in terms of decision-related parameters and strong evidence for differences in metacognitive bias. Action-oriented people exhibit greater confidence in the correctness of their choices as well as slightly elevated judgement sensitivity, although no differences in performance are present. In Experiment 2 we replicate this effect and show that the confidence gap generalizes to value-based decisions, widens as a function of difficulty and is independent of deliberation interval. Furthermore, allowing more time for confidence deliberation indicated that state-oriented people focus more strongly on external features of choice. We propose that a positive confidence bias, coupled with appropriate metacognitive sensitivity, might be crucial for the successful realization of intentions in many real-life situations. More generally, our study provides an example of how modelling latent cognitive processes can bring meaningful insight into the study of individual differences.
dc.affiliationWydział Psychologii w Warszawie
dc.affiliationInstytut Psychologii
dc.contributor.authorZajkowski, Wojciech
dc.contributor.authorBielecki, Maksymilian
dc.contributor.authorMarszał-Wiśniewska, Magdalena
dc.contributor.editorDragan Pamucar
dc.date.access2022-06-01
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-10T11:42:18Z
dc.date.available2024-01-10T11:42:18Z
dc.date.created2022-05-03
dc.date.issued2022-06-01
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>The art of making good choices and being consistent in executing them is essential for having a successful and fulfilling life. Individual differences in<jats:italic>action control</jats:italic>are believed to have a crucial impact on<jats:italic>how</jats:italic>we make choices and<jats:italic>whether</jats:italic>we put them in action.<jats:italic>Action-oriented</jats:italic>people are more decisive, flexible and likely to implement their intentions in the face of adversity. In contrast,<jats:italic>state-oriented</jats:italic>people often struggle to commit to their choices and end up second-guessing themselves. Here, we employ a model-based computational approach to study the underlying cognitive differences between action and state-oriented people in simple binary-choice decision tasks. In Experiment 1 we show that there is little-to-no evidence that the two groups differ in terms of decision-related parameters and strong evidence for differences in metacognitive bias. Action-oriented people exhibit greater confidence in the correctness of their choices as well as slightly elevated judgement sensitivity, although no differences in performance are present. In Experiment 2 we replicate this effect and show that the confidence gap generalizes to value-based decisions, widens as a function of difficulty and is independent of deliberation interval. Furthermore, allowing more time for confidence deliberation indicated that state-oriented people focus more strongly on external features of choice. We propose that a positive confidence bias, coupled with appropriate metacognitive sensitivity, might be crucial for the successful realization of intentions in many real-life situations. More generally, our study provides an example of how modelling latent cognitive processes can bring meaningful insight into the study of individual differences.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.issue6
dc.description.physical1-30
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume17
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0268501
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/335
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0268501
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationpsychologia
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.rights.questionYes_rights
dc.share.articleOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.swps.sciencecloudnosend
dc.titleAre you confident enough to act? Individual differences in action control are associated with post-decisional metacognitive bias
dc.title.journalPLoS ONE
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typeArticle