Monografie
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- 2026-04-17
The Role of Social Policy Dependent and Independent Decision Attributes and Behavioral Interventions in Vaccination Choices
Vaccine hesitancy remains a major public-health issue, and behavioural science can help identify which features of an immunisation programme motivate acceptance and how subtle choice-architecture modifications might shift those motivations. We conducted two Bayesian D-optimal discrete-choice experiments that systematically varied eight clearly defined attributes of hypothetical vaccination programmes. Study 1 (N = 299) asked adults to choose for themselves or for their child, with the primary aim of (a) quantifying the importance of each attribute and (b) testing whether perspective alters that hierarchy. A doctor’s recommendation given during a visit emerged as the dominant driver of choice, followed by sideeffect severity and acquaintances’ opinion; the self-versus-child perspective did not affect the importance given to each of those factors. Study 2 (N = 327) introduced a factorial manipulation of two behavioural interventions—a descriptive social-norm nudge (“most participants chose this option”) and a competence-boost (heuristic endorsement by a reputable research institute)—while retaining the two decision perspectives. The study’s aims were to evaluate (c) whether either intervention directly increases vaccine uptake and (d) how interventions interact with the existing attribute structure. Both interventions raised the overall likelihood of choosing to get vaccinated, yet their effects were highly context-specific: they strengthened the influence of some cues (e.g., many sick acquaintances) while attenuating or reversing others (notably high efficacy and positive mandates). These results show that social-norm nudges and heuristic boosts can promote vaccination, but only when aligned with the prevailing attribute landscape and supported by credible clinical recommendations.Otwarty dostępMonografieMonograph Chapter - 2026-08-18
Profiling Jury Bias in Rape Trials: Examining the link between Juror Characteristics and Trial Decisions
Since the onset of the Chicago jury project in the 1950s, social scientists have utilised varied methodologies to better understand the fairness and functionality of jury trials. One common approach involves investigating the relationship between a juror's psychosocial make-up (traits, attitudes, and experiences) and their judgements at trial. An established literature has since amassed, which indicates that juror attitudes, more so than isolated personality features or demographics, appear most important in influencing verdict decision-making. This attitudinal bias is particularly prominent within rape trials, where deep-rooted culturally embedded stereotypes (known as rape myths) exist. This chapter reports on the findings from two experimental studies conducted in an English trial context that scrutinised the influence of rape attitudes and jurors’ sexual victimisation experiences and gender upon their subsequent verdict decisions. Both studies used the same rape allegation and case materials within a mock trial paradigm. However, the methodologies differed in their realism; study one adopted a videotaped mock trial, while study two utilised a highly realistic live trial re-enactment design. The findings from both studies are discussed considering the impact that pre-trial rape attitudes, victimisation experiences, and gender can have upon rape trial verdict outcomes and crucially, what solutions may be effective.Otwarty dostępMonografieMonograph Chapter - 2026
“La Italia soñada en la mirada viajera de Carmen de Burgos”.
Spanish writer Carmen de Burgos, also known as "Colombine", was not only a journalist and war correspondent, but also a great traveler interested in discovering other countries and cultures. Among her journeys through Europe, her first trip through France and Italy—which she made between 1905 and 1906 and documented in her work "Viajes por Europa. Impresiones"—stands out. Carmen de Burgos, a great admirer of the ancient world, visited various Italian cities such as Naples, Pompeii, Rome, Florence, Venice, and Milan, leaving behind her written reflections and impressions. The aim of this article is to analyze the image of Italy presented by the author, discussing which realities she focuses on and what aspects she highlights from her travels through these territories.Otwarty dostępMonografieMonograph Chapter - 2026-09-15
Solidarity: The Missing Puzzle Piece in the Rule of Law Fight?
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