The ‘Bad’ is often described as more influential than the ‘Good’. We examined this possibility for relationships between well-being and feedback from others about their diets among vegetarians, and we found that the ‘Good’ was stronger than the ‘Bad’. Participants were 982 vegetarians who completed measures of well-being (depression, anxiety, satisfaction with life, purpose and search for meaning in life, self-esteem, and loneliness). They also answered questions about the approval and disapproval they perceived they received because of their diets from friends, family members, and strangers. Each measure of well-being was regressed onto measures of perceived approval and perceived disapproval, separately for each source. The analyses found that for feedback from all three sources, well-being was related to perceived approval more consistently than it was related to perceived disapproval. Approval may influence well-being more than disapproval does, at least within the context we studied.
Past research has shown that economic inequality shapes individuals’ self-construals. However, it has been unclear which dimensions of self-construal are associated with and affected by economic inequality. A correlational (Study 1: N = 264) and an experimental study (Study 2: N = 532) provided converging evidence linking perceived economic inequality with two forms of independent (vs. interdependent) self-construal: Difference from Others and Self-Reliance. In Study 3 (N = 12,634) societal differences in objective economic inequality across 48 nations predicted feelings of Difference from Others, but not Self-Reliance. Importantly, we found no significant associations of economic inequality with the other six dimensions of self-construal. Our findings help extend previous results linking economic inequality to forms of “social distance.”
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article
We explore to what extent previously observed pan-cultural association between dimensions of self-construal and personal life satisfaction (PLS) may be moderated by three national-contextual variables: national wealth, economic inequality, and religious heritage. The results showed that Self-reliance (vs. dependence on others) predicted PLS positively in poorer countries but negatively in richer countries. Connectedness to others (vs. self-containment) predicted PLS more strongly in Protestant-heritage countries. Self-expression (vs. harmony) predicted PLS more weakly (and non-significantly) in Muslim-heritage countries. In contrast, previously reported associations of self-direction (vs. reception-to-influence), consistency (vs. variability), and decontextualized (vs. contextualized) self-understanding with personal life satisfaction were not significantly moderated by these aspects of societal context. These results show the importance of considering the impact of national religious and economic context.
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article
Adrenergic receptors (AR) play a vital role in cardiovascular system regulation. The ADRB2 gene, encoding the β2-AR receptor, has genetic variability potentially impacting blood pressure (BP) regulation. Evidence for such associations has been inconsistent. This study investigates the relationship between two ADRB2 polymorphisms (rs1042713, Gly16Arg, and rs1042714, Glu27Gln) and BP changes during the cold pressor test (CPT) in young, healthy men, including combat athletes. The study included two groups: combat athletes and non-athlete students. BP (systolic, SBP; diastolic, DBP) was measured at rest and at pain tolerance during CPT. Genetic analysis was conducted for rs1042713 and rs1042714 polymorphisms. Athletes had higher SBP and DBP than students, with both values increasing during pain tolerance compared to rest. Differences in BP responses during CPT were genotype-dependent. Students with the Gly16Gly16 genotype had significantly higher SBP than Arg16 allele carriers, while this variation was not observed in athletes. Athletes with the Glu27 allele exhibited higher SBP than 27Gln homozygotes, unlike students. Gly16 and Glu27 alleles are linked to elevated stress-induced BP responses in young Polish men. However, BP regulation involves multiple genetic and environmental factors not explored in this study.
The aim of this article is to analyze the situation of combined entitlements to permanent allowance, social pension and selected benefit for carers, and to assess whether it is reasonable to maintain the principle of their non-combination , as currently legislated. The main thesis is that the aforementioned benefits do not duplicate each other in practice and that the regulations pertaining to the discussed issues do not keep up with changes in the legal system. It is necessary not only to update the regulations, but also to rethink the concept of non-combination of permanent allowance with benefits for carers.
Pozostałe osiągnięcia naukoweArtykuły (zamknięty dostęp)Journal article
