The Role of Task-Unrelated Thinking Characteristics and Function in Affect Regulation During Online and On-site Classes

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dc.abstract.enTask-unrelated thinking (TUT) can impact both performance and well-being, yet its role in affect regulation remains underexplored, especially in an educational context. This study examined TUT level, characteristics, and functions in 173 on-site and 143 online students, assessing their affect and class experiences in an ecological setting. While overall TUT levels did not differ between groups, distinctions emerged in characteristics (e.g., inner speech) and functions (e.g., stimulation or avoidance). Valence was the only characteristic predicting prospective sadness or anxiety. Using TUT for problem-solving or avoidance was linked to increased sadness, whereas using it for stimulation was linked to reduced anxiety. These findings highlight that TUT’s effects depend more on its nature and purpose than its frequency. The observed link between avoidance-related TUT and negative affect has significant implications for clinical psychology and educational settings, particularly in understanding emotion regulation in online and on-site learning.
dc.affiliationWydział Psychologii w Katowicach
dc.affiliationInstytut Psychologii
dc.affiliationEmotion Cognition Lab
dc.conference47th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society
dc.conference.countryStany Zjednoczone
dc.conference.coverageinternational
dc.conference.datefinish2025-08-02
dc.conference.datestart2025-07-30
dc.conference.placeSan Francisco
dc.conference.seriesAnnual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society
dc.conference.seriesshortcutCogSci
dc.conference.seriesweblinkhttps://cognitivesciencesociety.org/cogsci-2025/
dc.conference.shortcutCogSci 2025
dc.conference.weblinkhttps://cognitivesciencesociety.org/cogsci-2025/
dc.contributor.authorCichecka, Natalia
dc.contributor.authorMarszołek, Angelika
dc.contributor.authorGelner, Hanna
dc.contributor.authorOrpych, Katarzyna
dc.contributor.authorPara, Małgorzata
dc.contributor.authorSkorupski, Michał
dc.contributor.authorKornacka, Monika
dc.date.access2025-07
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-31T11:47:01Z
dc.date.available2025-07-31T11:47:01Z
dc.date.created2025-04-04
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.grantnumber2019/35/D/HS6/02364
dc.description.granttitleIntegratywny model nieadaptacyjnych, spontanicznych myśli nie związanych z zadaniem. Podejście procesualne i funkcjonalne.
dc.description.physical4685-4692
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume47
dc.identifier.eissn1069-7977
dc.identifier.issn1069-7977
dc.identifier.urihttps://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/1624
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8d87t5kg
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationpsychologia
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.rights.questionYes_rights
dc.share.articleOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.entask-unrelated thinking
dc.subject.enmind-wandering
dc.subject.enaffect regulation
dc.subject.enonline learning
dc.swps.sciencecloudsend
dc.titleThe Role of Task-Unrelated Thinking Characteristics and Function in Affect Regulation During Online and On-site Classes
dc.title.journalProceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society
dc.typeJournalArticleConference
dspace.entity.typeArticle