Uncovering the link between attachment and interpersonal objectification: The role of theory of mind and empathy
Uncovering the link between attachment and interpersonal objectification: The role of theory of mind and empathy
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Authors
Ecer, Emrullah
Raguso, Giuseppe
Andrighetto, Luca
Gąsiorowska, Agata
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Date
2026-02-10
Publisher
Journal title
Acta Psychologica
Issue
Volume
264
Pages
Pages
1-12
ISSN
0001-6918
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2026-02-10
Abstract PL
Abstract EN
While extensive research has examined the consequences of objectification in specific contexts (e.g., sexual or workplace settings), little is known about how interpersonal personal relationship is related to objectification. Similarly, although attachment theory explains relational patterns, its connection to interpersonal objectification—particularly via socio-cognitive processes like Theory of Mind (ToM) and empathy—remains largely unexplored. This study addresses these gaps by investigating the relationship between attachment insecurity and objectification of others via ToM and empathy. In three well-powered studies conducted in Poland, the UK, and Italy (N = 1222) we found a consistent relationship between attachment avoidance and interpersonal objectification, i.e., the higher the level of attachment avoidance, the higher the tendency to objectify others. Crucially, this relationship was accounted for by levels of ToM (Study 2 & 3) and empathy (Study 3). We discuss the implications of these findings for the literature on attachment styles and objectification, and the importance of integrating these findings into broader models of social and personality psychology.
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Keywords PL
Keywords EN
Objectification
Attachment avoidance
Theory of mind
Empath
Attachment avoidance
Theory of mind
Empath
Keywords other
Sustainable Development Goals
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Nastawienie rynkowe jako skutek pozabezpiecznego przywiązania. Eksploracja relacji i jej psychologicznych mechanizmów.