Structure of Patients’ Temperament Traits as a Risk Factor for Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

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Authors
Zdanowicz, Paula
Pasieka, Zbigniew Włodzimierz
Wujcik, Radosław
Kamola, Piotr Jarosław
Białas, Adam Jerzy
Pietras, Tadeusz
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Date
2025
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Journal title
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Issue
10
Volume
14
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1-11
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2077-0383
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https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/10/3414
Access date
2025
Abstract PL
Abstract EN
Introduction: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic respiratory illnesses frequently accompanied by anxiety and depression. These psychological symptoms often go undetected due to their overlap with somatic complaints. According to the regulatory theory of temperament (RTT), biologically based temperament traits may influence emotional responses to chronic illness. This study examined whether RTT-defined temperament traits predict depression and anxiety severity in patients with asthma and/or COPD. Material and Methods: The study included 210 adult patients with asthma and/or COPD recruited from a university hospital and pulmonology clinics. Individuals with a prior history of mental illness were excluded. Participants completed three validated questionnaires: the Formal Characteristics of Behavior–Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Additional demographic and clinical data were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the predictive value of six temperament traits for depression, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. A significance threshold of α = 0.05 was used in all statistical tests. Results: Temperament structure significantly predicted all three mental health outcomes: depression (R2 = 0.37), state anxiety (R2 = 0.45), and trait anxiety (R2 = 0.35). Briskness negatively correlated with all outcomes, while emotional reactivity showed a positive correlation. No significant associations were found for the remaining four traits. Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors were not significant predictors. Conclusions: Temperament traits, particularly briskness and emotional reactivity, significantly influence depression and anxiety severity in asthma and COPD. Temperament assessment may serve as a low-cost, telemedicine-compatible tool to identify at-risk patients and support integrated, personalized care.
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Keywords PL
Keywords EN
asthma
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
depression
anxiety
temperament
regulatory theory of temperament (RTT)
mental health
psychosomatics
briskness
emotional reactivity
telemedicine
integrated care
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Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 3. Good Health and Well-being
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https://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/2742
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cc-by
Except as otherwise noted, this item is licensed under the Attribution licence | Permitted use of copyrighted works
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