Anxiety scale for children with autism spectrum disorders: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation

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cris.lastimport.scopus2025-08-30T03:11:20Z
dc.abstract.enBackground Anxiety is one of the most common co-occurring disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that adversely affect quality of life. Accurate assessment of anxiety in ASD is crucial in the behavioral management of autistic children. Most of the anxiety assessment measures are developed for non-ASD and or for the Western population. In Pakistan, assessment of anxiety in children with ASD is a huge concern, specifically due to the paucity of research and shortage of valid and reliable measures available in Urdu language. Understanding the need to have a psychometrically sound measure to assess anxiety in children with ASD, we aimed to translate and evaluate psychometric properties of the anxiety scale for children with ASD (ASC-ASD-C) for Pakistani population. Method ASC-ASD-C was translated by using Brislin's translation methods (Brislin, 1970; Gregoire, 2018; Beaton et. al., 2000). A cross-sectional survey consisted of demographic information sheet and Urdu-ASC-ASD-C was administered on 109 clinically diagnosed autistic children and adolescents aged 8–16 years, seeking treatment in special education schools. Descriptive and reliability statistics were analyzed using SPSS-26 and Jamovi. Results Semantic, content, technical, and conceptual equivalence were established between original English and Urdu versions of ASC-ASD-C. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the four-factor structure similar to the original English version, however, slight variations were reported in the allocation of items to corresponding factors. McDonald’s omega coefficient of the complete scale was ω = .959; ω = .897 for Uncertainty; ω = .771 for Performance anxiety; ω = .939 for Anxious arousal; and ω = .885 for separation anxiety subscales. Conclusions Urdu ASC-ASD-C is a valid and a reliable measure for the predictive assessment of clinical anxiety among children with ASD; future research; intervention and management of autistic children and adolescents.
dc.affiliationWydział Psychologii we Wrocławiu
dc.affiliationInstytut Psychologii
dc.contributor.authorYousaf, Ishrat
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Maryam
dc.contributor.authorHaqqani, Sabahat
dc.contributor.authorSaba, Muqqadas
dc.date.access2027-05-05
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-13T07:52:30Z
dc.date.available2025-05-13T07:52:30Z
dc.date.created2025-01-12
dc.date.issued2025-05-05
dc.description.accesstimeafter_publication
dc.description.physical1-9
dc.description.versionfinal_author
dc.description.volume123
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.reia.2025.202548
dc.identifier.eissn3050-6565
dc.identifier.issn3050-6573
dc.identifier.urihttps://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/1453
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S3050656525000203?via%3Dihub
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationpsychologia
dc.rightsEmbargo
dc.rights.questionYes_rights
dc.share.articleOPEN_REPOSITORY
dc.subject.enAnxiety
dc.subject.enAutism
dc.subject.enAssessment
dc.subject.enAnxiety Scale for children with Autism
dc.subject.enSpectrum Disorders
dc.subject.enExploratory Factor Analysis
dc.swps.sciencecloudsend
dc.titleAnxiety scale for children with autism spectrum disorders: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation
dc.title.journalResearch in Autism
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typeArticle