The role of social class in the use of gender-inclusive language: An analysis of Polish and German job titles

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cris.lastimport.scopus2026-01-10T04:13:49Z
dc.abstract.enPast research has found that gender-inclusive language is more commonly used in egalitarian cultures. People in middle-class communities not only endorse more egalitarian values but also more strongly believe that social change is possible than people in working-class communities. As such, there may be a higher demand for and, thus, use of gender-inclusive language in middle-class professions than for working class professions. Two studies investigated the use of feminine and gender-inclusive job titles for working vs. middle class professions in two grammatical gender languages, namely feminine job titles in Polish corpus texts (Study 1) and gender-inclusive job titles in Swiss German job advertisements (Study 2). Results showed that feminine and gender-inclusive job titles were indeed more often used for middle- than for working-class professions in both countries. These findings document the need to take social class into account in future language research as well as in the implementation of language reforms.
dc.affiliationCentrum Badań nad Relacjami Społecznymi
dc.affiliationInstytut Psychologii
dc.contributor.authorHodel, Lea
dc.contributor.authorFormanowicz, Magdalena
dc.contributor.authorPietraszkiewicz, Agnieszka
dc.contributor.authorSczesny, Sabine
dc.date.access2025-06-02
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-08T07:03:40Z
dc.date.available2026-01-08T07:03:40Z
dc.date.created2024-09-27
dc.date.issued2025-06-02
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>Past research has found that gender-inclusive language is more commonly used in egalitarian cultures. People in middle-class communities not only endorse more egalitarian values but also more strongly believe that social change is possible than people in working-class communities. As such, there may be a higher demand for and, thus, use of gender-inclusive language in middle-class professions than for working class professions. Two studies investigated the use of feminine and gender-inclusive job titles for working vs. middle class professions in two grammatical gender languages, namely feminine job titles in Polish corpus texts (Study 1) and gender-inclusive job titles in Swiss German job advertisements (Study 2). Results showed that feminine and gender-inclusive job titles were indeed more often used for middle- than for working-class professions in both countries. These findings document the need to take social class into account in future language research as well as in the implementation of language reforms.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.physical1-21
dc.description.sdgGenderEquality
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume20
dc.identifier.doi10.32872/spb.13535
dc.identifier.eissn2569-653X
dc.identifier.issn1896-1800
dc.identifier.urihttps://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/2130
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://spb.psychopen.eu/index.php/spb/article/view/13535
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationpsychologia
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.rights.questionYes_rights
dc.share.articleOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.engrammatical gender
dc.subject.engender-inclusive language
dc.subject.ensocial class
dc.subject.enegalitarian values
dc.swps.sciencecloudsend
dc.titleThe role of social class in the use of gender-inclusive language: An analysis of Polish and German job titles
dc.title.journalSocial Psychological Bulletin
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typeArticle