Adaptation and validation of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) in Polish

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dc.abstract.enIntroduction: The aim of this study was to adapt the full 45-item, seven-subscale Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) into Polish and evaluate its psychometric properties, including cross-language measurement invariance in Polish–English bilinguals. Methods: Two independent online samples were pooled (N = 275), with participants completing the IMI in both Polish and English. Reliability (α, ω), cross-language correlations, and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA; WLSMV/THETA) were conducted, while language invariance was tested using a CT-C(M–1) framework comparing marker-configural and strict metric models. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed through associations with external constructs related to motivation, control, curiosity, and stress appraisal. Results: CFA supported the expected seven-factor structure in both languages with good model fit, and language invariance analysis indicated minimal configural–metric differences, suggesting approximate measurement invariance. The Polish IMI demonstrated strong internal consistency across all subscales, closely matching the English version, while cross-language correlations confirmed strong subscale-level equivalence, though a small number of items showed weaker psychometric properties. Subscale intercorrelations followed theoretical expectations, supporting construct validity, with subscales reflecting engagement, autonomy, and competence aligning most strongly with positive motivational constructs. Overall, the Polish IMI is suitable for research in Polish, with all materials, data, and analysis code openly available.
dc.affiliationInstytut Psychologii
dc.affiliationWydział Psychologii i Prawa w Poznaniu
dc.contributor.authorEnko, Jolanta
dc.contributor.authorKościelniak, Maciej
dc.date.access2026-06-14
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-14T07:38:16Z
dc.date.available2026-06-14T07:38:16Z
dc.date.created2026-06-10
dc.date.issued2026-06-10
dc.description.abstract<jats:sec> <jats:title>Introduction</jats:title> <jats:p>The aim of this study was to adapt the full 45-item, seven-subscale Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) into Polish and evaluate its psychometric properties, including cross-language measurement invariance in Polish–English bilinguals.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p> Two independent online samples were pooled ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>  = 275), with participants completing the IMI in both Polish and English. Reliability ( <jats:italic>α</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>ω</jats:italic> ), cross-language correlations, and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA; WLSMV/THETA) were conducted, while language invariance was tested using a CT-C(M–1) framework comparing marker-configural and strict metric models. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed through associations with external constructs related to motivation, control, curiosity, and stress appraisal. </jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>CFA supported the expected seven-factor structure in both languages with good model fit, and language invariance analysis indicated minimal configural–metric differences, suggesting approximate measurement invariance. The Polish IMI demonstrated strong internal consistency across all subscales, closely matching the English version, while cross-language correlations confirmed strong subscale-level equivalence, though a small number of items showed weaker psychometric properties. Subscale intercorrelations followed theoretical expectations, supporting construct validity, with subscales reflecting engagement, autonomy, and competence aligning most strongly with positive motivational constructs. Overall, the Polish IMI is suitable for research in Polish, with all materials, data, and analysis code openly available.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
dc.description.accesstimeafter_publication
dc.description.grantnumberUMO2021/43/D/HS6/01048
dc.description.granttitleInfluence of the social power construing and associated cardiovascular reactivity on creative problem-solving
dc.description.physical1-11
dc.description.sdgNoSDGsAreRelevantForThisPublication
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume17
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1822953
dc.identifier.issn1664-1078
dc.identifier.urihttps://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/2406
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationpsychologia
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.rights.questionYes_rights
dc.share.articleOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enbilingual assessment
dc.subject.encross-language invariance
dc.subject.enCT-C(M-1)
dc.subject.enintrinsic motivation
dc.subject.enintrinsic motivation inventory (IMI)
dc.subject.enpsychometric validation
dc.subject.enscale adaptation
dc.subject.enselfdetermination theory
dc.swps.sciencecloudsend
dc.titleAdaptation and validation of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) in Polish
dc.title.journalFrontiers in Psychology
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typeArticle