Similarity judgements: the comparison of normative predictions and subjective evaluations – A study of the ratio model of similarity in social context

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dc.abstract.enIntroduction: This study examines the consistency between subjective similarity evaluations and the theoretical predictions derived from Tversky’s ratio model of similarity, alongside the impact of additional positive and negative features on perceived similarity to ideal and bad politicians. Methods: Using a sample of 120 participants, we assessed the similarity of eight candidate profiles to an ideal and bad politician, varying in positive and negative features. Participants’ subjective evaluations were compared with theoretical predictions derived from Tversky’s ratio model. The analysis focused on how candidate and referent valence influenced observed versus theoretical similarity. Results: Subjective similarity judgments deviated systematically from theoretical predictions, especially for positively featured candidates, indicating a negativity effect. Additional positive features decreased the perceived similarity of favorable candidates to an ideal politician, while additional negative features did not significantly affect similarity judgments of unfavorable candidates. Discussion: Our findings underscore a significant disparity between subjective and objective similarity judgments, notably for favorable candidates. While the ratio model performs well for unfavorable candidates, its applicability diminishes for favorable ones, emphasizing the role of feature valence in decisionmaking. Further research on feature valence is crucial for a comprehensive understanding across contexts.
dc.affiliationWydział Psychologii w Warszawie
dc.affiliationInstytut Psychologii
dc.contributor.authorJabłońska, Magdalena
dc.contributor.authorFalkowski, Andrzej
dc.contributor.authorMackiewicz, Robert
dc.date.access2024-05-16
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-21T09:35:42Z
dc.date.available2024-05-21T09:35:42Z
dc.date.created2024-03-28
dc.date.issued2024-05-16
dc.description.abstract<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>This study examines the consistency between subjective similarity evaluations and the theoretical predictions derived from Tversky’s ratio model of similarity, alongside the impact of additional positive and negative features on perceived similarity to ideal and bad politicians.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Using a sample of 120 participants, we assessed the similarity of eight candidate profiles to an ideal and bad politician, varying in positive and negative features. Participants’ subjective evaluations were compared with theoretical predictions derived from Tversky’s ratio model. The analysis focused on how candidate and referent valence influenced observed versus theoretical similarity.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Subjective similarity judgments deviated systematically from theoretical predictions, especially for positively featured candidates, indicating a negativity effect. Additional positive features decreased the perceived similarity of favorable candidates to an ideal politician, while additional negative features did not significantly affect similarity judgments of unfavorable candidates.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>Our findings underscore a significant disparity between subjective and objective similarity judgments, notably for favorable candidates. While the ratio model performs well for unfavorable candidates, its applicability diminishes for favorable ones, emphasizing the role of feature valence in decision-making. Further research on feature valence is crucial for a comprehensive understanding across contexts.</jats:p></jats:sec>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.grantnumber15/2024/FRBN/E
dc.description.grantnumber1301-11
dc.description.granttitlePublikacja artykułu naukowego pt. “Similarity judgements: the comparison of normative predictions and subjective evaluations. A study of the ratio model of similarity in social context” w czasopiśmie “Frontiers in Psychology”
dc.description.granttitleObiektywne i subiektywne miary podobieństwa. Badania nad modelem proporcji i asymetrią pozytywno-negatywną w ocenie podobieństwa.
dc.description.physical1-12
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume15
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1335707
dc.identifier.issn1664-1078
dc.identifier.urihttps://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/681
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1335707/full
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationpsychologia
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.rights.questionYes_rights
dc.share.articleOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.ensimilarity judgements
dc.subject.enratio model
dc.subject.ensubjective similarity
dc.subject.enobjective similarity
dc.subject.enpositive- negative asymmetry
dc.swps.sciencecloudsend
dc.titleSimilarity judgements: the comparison of normative predictions and subjective evaluations – A study of the ratio model of similarity in social context
dc.title.journalFrontiers in Psychology
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typeArticle