Psychometric validation of the Polish version of the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale - Gender Spectrum questionnaire

StatusVoR
Dublin Core metadata
Alternative title
Authors
Tokarek, Agata
Koczut, Aleksandra
Gąsiorowska, Agata
Monograph
Monograph (alternative title)
Date
2026-04-01
Publisher
Journal title
Frontiers in Psychiatry
Issue
Volume
17
Pages
Pages
1-12
DOI
ISSN
1664-0640
ISSN of series
Weblink
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1793878/full
Access date
2026-04-01
Abstract PL
Abstract EN
Background: Accessible and inclusive tools for assessing gender dysphoria in Polish-speaking populations remain limited. To bridge this gap in care, there is an urgent need for accessible, psychometrically sound tools to assess Polish gender-diverse individuals. In this study, we aimed to adapt the Polish version of the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale - Gender Spectrum to address a critical gap in assessment tools that include nonbinary, binary transgender, and cisgender individuals.Methods: In Study 1 (N = 1,057), the 18-item UGDS-GS was translated into Polish using a backward translation procedure. Its factorial structure, internal consistency, and construct validity were examined in an online sample of Polish adults, including binary transgender, nonbinary, and cisgender participants recruited via social media and the Prolific platform between July and August 2025. Participants completed the UGDS-GS along with measures of anxiety, depression, and gender dysphoria. In Study 2, an independent sample of Polish adults (N = 245 at T1) recruited via Prolific completed the UGDS-GS-PL. Additional confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, and stability over time was assessed using a three-week test-retest design.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis did not support the original two-factor structure. Exploratory factor analysis instead identified a three-factor solution (Gender dysphoria, Puberty-related distress, Gender affirmation) which was subsequently confirmed in an independent sample using confirmatory factor analysis. We found that the scale’s two distress-related dimensions capture relatively stable individual differences across the full gender spectrum. Moreover, the scale demonstrated good internal consistency and good measurement stability. ROC analyses demonstrated excellent screening accuracy for the Gender dysphoria subscale (AUC = .97), good accuracy for Puberty-related distress (AUC = .81), and limited accuracy for Gender affirmation (AUC = .62).Conclusions: The scale provides a valuable alternative to existing binary-focused instruments and demonstrates that gender-neutral assessment of gender dysphoria is both feasible and psychologically viable in the Polish language.
Abstract other
Keywords PL
Keywords EN
gender dysphoria
gender identity
psychometrics
surveys and questionnaires
transgender persons
Keywords other
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 5. Gender Equality ,
SDG 3. Good Health and Well-being ,
SDG 10. Reduced Inequalities
Exhibition title
Place of exhibition (institution)
Exhibition curator
URI
https://share.swps.edu.pl/handle/swps/2291
Type
License type
cc-by
Except as otherwise noted, this item is licensed under the Attribution licence | Permitted use of copyrighted works
Funder
Time range from
Time range to
Contact person name
Related publication
Related publication
Grant/project name
Files
pdf
Psychometric validation of the Polish version of the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale.pdf(1.28 MB)
Download
Views
Views0
Acquisition Date20.10.2022
Downloads
Downloads0
Acquisition Date20.10.2022
Altmetrics©
Dimensions
Google Scholar
Google Scholar